timbl(1)timbl(1)NAMEtimbl - Tilburg Memory Based Learner
SYNOPSYStimbl [options]
timbl-f data-file -t test-file
DESCRIPTION
TiMBL is an open source software package implementing several memory-
based learning algorithms, among which IB1-IG, an implementation of k-
nearest neighbor classification with feature weighting suitable for
symbolic feature spaces, and IGTree, a decision-tree approximation of
IB1-IG. All implemented algorithms have in common that they store some
representation of the training set explicitly in memory. During test‐
ing, new cases are classified by extrapolation from the most similar
stored cases.
OPTIONS-a <n> or -a <string>
determines the classification algorithm.
Possible values are:
0 or IB
the IB1 (k-NN) algorithm (default)
1 or IGTREE
a decision-tree-based approximation of IB1
2 or TRIBL
a hybrid of IB1 and IGTREE
3 or IB2
an incremental editing version of IB1
4 or TRIBL2
a non-parameteric version of TRIBL
-b n
number of lines used for bootstrapping (IB2 only)
-B n
number of bins used for discretization of numeric feature values
--Beam=<n>
limit +v db output to n highest-vote classes
--clones=<n>
number f threads to use for parallel testing
-c n
clipping frequency for prestoring MVDM matrices
+D
store distributions on all nodes (necessary for using +v db with
IGTree, but wastes memory otherwise)
--Diversify
rescale weight (see docs)
-d val
weigh neighbors as function of their distance:
Z : equal weights to all (default)
ID : Inverse Distance
IL : Inverse Linear
ED:a : Exponential Decay with factor a (no whitespace!)
ED:a:b : Exponential Decay with factor a and b (no whitespace!)
-e n
estimate time until n patterns tested
-f file
read from data file 'file' OR use filenames from 'file' for
cross validation test
-F format
assume the specified input format (Compact, C4.5, ARFF, Columns,
Binary, Sparse )
-G normalization
normalize distibutions (+v db option only)
Supported normalizations are:
Probability or 0
normalize between 0 and 1
addFactor:<f> or 1:<f>
add f to all possible targets, then normalize between 0 and 1
(default f=1.0).
logProbability or 2
Add 1 to the target Weight, take the 10Log and then normalize
between 0 and 1
+H or -H
write hashed trees (default +H)
-i file
read the InstanceBase from 'file' (skips phase 1 & 2 )
-I file
dump the InstanceBase in 'file'
-k n
search 'n' nearest neighbors (default n = 1)
-L n
set value frequency threshold to back off from MVDM to Overlap
at level n
-l n
fixed feature value length (Compact format only)
-m string
use feature metrics as specified in' string':
The format is : GlobalMetric:MetricRange:MetricRange
e.g.: mO:N3:I2,5-7
C: cosine distance. (Global only. numeric features implied)
D: dot product. (Global only. numeric features implied)
DC: Dice coefficient
O: weighted overlap (default)
E: Euclidian distance
L: Levenshtein distance
M: modified value difference
J: Jeffrey divergence
S: Jensen-Shannon divergence
N: numeric values
I: Ignore named values
--matrixin=file
read ValueDifference Matrices from file 'file'
--matrixout=file
store ValueDifference Matrices in 'file'
-n file
create a C4.5-style names file 'file'
-M n
size of MaxBests Array
-N n
number of features (default 2500)
-o s
use s as output filename
-O path
save output using 'path'
-p n
show progress every n lines (default p = 100,000)
-P path
read data using 'path'
-q n
set TRIBL threshold at level n
-R n
solve ties at random with seed n
-s
use the exemplar weights from the input file
-s0
ignore the exemplar weights from the input file
-T n
use feature n as the class label. (default: the last feature)
-t file
test using 'file'
-t leave_one_out
test with the leave-one-out testing regimen (IB1 only). you may
add --sloppy to speed up leave-one-out testing (but see docs)
-t cross_validate
perform cross-validation test (IB1 only)
-t @file
test using files and options described in 'file' Supported
options: d e F k m o p q R t u v w x % -
--Treeorder =value n
ordering of the Tree:
DO: none
GRO: using GainRatio
IGO: using InformationGain
1/V: using 1/# of Values
G/V: using GainRatio/# of Valuess
I/V: using InfoGain/# of Valuess
X2O: using X-square
X/V: using X-square/# of Values
SVO: using Shared Variance
S/V: using Shared Variance/# of Values
GxE: using GainRatio * SplitInfo
IxE: using InformationGain * SplitInfo
1/S: using 1/SplitInfo
-u file
read value-class probabilities from 'file'
-U file
save value-class probabilities in 'file'
-V
Show VERSION
+v level or -v level
set or unset verbosity level, where level is:
s: work silently
o: show all options set
b: show node/branch count and branching factor
f: show calculated feature weights (default)
p: show value difference matrices
e: show exact matches
as: show advanced statistics (memory consuming)
cm: show confusion matrix (implies +vas)
cs: show per-class statistics (implies +vas)
cf: add confidence to output file (needs -G)
di: add distance to output file
db: add distribution of best matched to output file
md: add matching depth to output file.
k: add a summary for all k neigbors to output file (sets -x)
n: add nearest neigbors to output file (sets -x)
You may combine levels using '+' e.g. +v p+db or -v o+di
-w n
weighting
0 or nw: no weighting
1 or gr: weigh using gain ratio (default)
2 or ig: weigh using information gain
3 or x2: weigh using the chi-square statistic
4 or sv: weigh using the shared variance statistic
5 or sd: weigh using standard deviation. (all features must be
numeric)
-w file
read weights from 'file'
-w file:n
read weight n from 'file'
-W file
calculate and save all weights in 'file'
+% or -%
do or don't save test result (%) to file
+x or -x
do or don't use the exact match shortcut
(IB1 and IB2 only, default is -x)
-X file
dump the InstanceBase as XML in 'file'
BUGS
possibly
AUTHORS
Ko van der Sloot Timbl@uvt.nl
Antal van den Bosch Timbl@uvt.nl
SEE ALSOtimblserver(1)
2011 may 16 timbl(1)
