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SMTPD(8)							      SMTPD(8)

NAME
       smtpd - Postfix SMTP server

SYNOPSIS
       smtpd [generic Postfix daemon options]

       sendmail -bs

DESCRIPTION
       The  SMTP  server accepts network connection requests and performs zero
       or more SMTP transactions per connection.   Each	 received  message  is
       piped  through  the  cleanup(8) daemon, and is placed into the incoming
       queue as one single queue file.	For this mode of operation,  the  pro‐
       gram expects to be run from the master(8) process manager.

       Alternatively,  the SMTP server be can run in stand-alone mode; this is
       traditionally obtained with "sendmail -bs".  When the SMTP server  runs
       stand-alone  with  non  $mail_owner  privileges,	 it receives mail even
       while the mail system is not running, deposits messages	directly  into
       the  maildrop queue, and disables the SMTP server's access policies. As
       of Postfix version 2.3, the SMTP server refuses to  receive  mail  from
       the network when it runs with non $mail_owner privileges.

       The  SMTP  server  implements  a	 variety  of  policies	for connection
       requests, and for parameters given to HELO, ETRN, MAIL FROM,  VRFY  and
       RCPT TO commands. They are detailed below and in the main.cf configura‐
       tion file.

SECURITY
       The SMTP server is moderately  security-sensitive.  It  talks  to  SMTP
       clients	and  to DNS servers on the network. The SMTP server can be run
       chrooted at fixed low privilege.

STANDARDS
       RFC 821 (SMTP protocol)
       RFC 1123 (Host requirements)
       RFC 1652 (8bit-MIME transport)
       RFC 1869 (SMTP service extensions)
       RFC 1870 (Message Size Declaration)
       RFC 1985 (ETRN command)
       RFC 2034 (SMTP Enhanced Error Codes)
       RFC 2554 (AUTH command)
       RFC 2821 (SMTP protocol)
       RFC 2920 (SMTP Pipelining)
       RFC 3207 (STARTTLS command)
       RFC 3461 (SMTP DSN Extension)
       RFC 3463 (Enhanced Status Codes)
       RFC 3848 (ESMTP Transmission Types)
       RFC 4954 (AUTH command)

DIAGNOSTICS
       Problems and transactions are logged to syslogd(8).

       Depending on the setting of the notify_classes parameter, the  postmas‐
       ter  is	notified of bounces, protocol problems, policy violations, and
       of other trouble.

CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS
       Changes to main.cf are picked up automatically, as  smtpd(8)  processes
       run for only a limited amount of time. Use the command "postfix reload"
       to speed up a change.

       The text below provides only a parameter summary. See  postconf(5)  for
       more details including examples.

COMPATIBILITY CONTROLS
       The  following  parameters  work	 around implementation errors in other
       software, and/or allow you to override standards in  order  to  prevent
       undesirable use.

       broken_sasl_auth_clients (no)
	      Enable  inter-operability	 with  SMTP  clients that implement an
	      obsolete version of the AUTH command (RFC 4954).

       disable_vrfy_command (no)
	      Disable the SMTP VRFY command.

       smtpd_noop_commands (empty)
	      List of commands that the Postfix SMTP server  replies  to  with
	      "250  Ok",  without doing any syntax checks and without changing
	      state.

       strict_rfc821_envelopes (no)
	      Require that addresses received in SMTP MAIL FROM	 and  RCPT  TO
	      commands	are  enclosed with <>, and that those addresses do not
	      contain RFC 822 style comments or phrases.

       Available in Postfix version 2.1 and later:

       resolve_null_domain (no)
	      Resolve an address that ends in the "@" null domain  as  if  the
	      local  hostname were specified, instead of rejecting the address
	      as invalid.

       smtpd_reject_unlisted_sender (no)
	      Request that the Postfix SMTP server rejects mail	 from  unknown
	      sender  addresses,  even when no explicit reject_unlisted_sender
	      access restriction is specified.

       smtpd_sasl_exceptions_networks (empty)
	      What remote SMTP clients the Postfix SMTP server will not	 offer
	      AUTH support to.

       Available in Postfix version 2.2 and later:

       smtpd_discard_ehlo_keyword_address_maps (empty)
	      Lookup  tables,  indexed by the remote SMTP client address, with
	      case insensitive lists of EHLO keywords  (pipelining,  starttls,
	      auth,  etc.)  that  the  SMTP  server  will not send in the EHLO
	      response to a remote SMTP client.

       smtpd_discard_ehlo_keywords (empty)
	      A case insensitive list of EHLO keywords (pipelining,  starttls,
	      auth,  etc.)  that  the  SMTP  server  will not send in the EHLO
	      response to a remote SMTP client.

       smtpd_delay_open_until_valid_rcpt (yes)
	      Postpone the start of an SMTP mail  transaction  until  a	 valid
	      RCPT TO command is received.

       Available in Postfix version 2.3 and later:

       smtpd_tls_always_issue_session_ids (yes)
	      Force  the  Postfix  SMTP server to issue a TLS session id, even
	      when  TLS	 session  caching  is	turned	 off   (smtpd_tls_ses‐
	      sion_cache_database is empty).

       Available in Postfix version 2.6 and later:

       tcp_windowsize (0)
	      An  optional  workaround for routers that break TCP window scal‐
	      ing.

       Available in Postfix version 2.7 and later:

       smtpd_command_filter (empty)
	      A mechanism to transform commands from remote SMTP clients.

ADDRESS REWRITING CONTROLS
       See the ADDRESS_REWRITING_README document for a detailed discussion  of
       Postfix address rewriting.

       receive_override_options (empty)
	      Enable or disable recipient validation, built-in content filter‐
	      ing, or address mapping.

       Available in Postfix version 2.2 and later:

       local_header_rewrite_clients (permit_inet_interfaces)
	      Rewrite message header addresses in mail from these clients  and
	      update incomplete addresses with the domain name in $myorigin or
	      $mydomain; either	 don't	rewrite	 message  headers  from	 other
	      clients at all, or rewrite message headers and update incomplete
	      addresses with the domain	 specified  in	the  remote_header_re‐
	      write_domain parameter.

AFTER QUEUE EXTERNAL CONTENT INSPECTION CONTROLS
       As  of  version	1.0,  Postfix can be configured to send new mail to an
       external content filter AFTER the mail is queued. This  content	filter
       is  expected to inject mail back into a (Postfix or other) MTA for fur‐
       ther delivery. See the FILTER_README document for details.

       content_filter (empty)
	      After the message is queued, send	 the  entire  message  to  the
	      specified transport:destination.

BEFORE QUEUE EXTERNAL CONTENT INSPECTION CONTROLS
       As  of  version	2.1, the Postfix SMTP server can be configured to send
       incoming mail to a real-time SMTP-based content filter BEFORE  mail  is
       queued.	This content filter is expected to inject mail back into Post‐
       fix.  See the SMTPD_PROXY_README document for details on how to config‐
       ure and operate this feature.

       smtpd_proxy_filter (empty)
	      The hostname and TCP port of the mail filtering proxy server.

       smtpd_proxy_ehlo ($myhostname)
	      How  the	Postfix SMTP server announces itself to the proxy fil‐
	      ter.

       smtpd_proxy_options (empty)
	      List of options that control how the Postfix SMTP server	commu‐
	      nicates with a before-queue content filter.

       smtpd_proxy_timeout (100s)
	      The  time limit for connecting to a proxy filter and for sending
	      or receiving information.

BEFORE QUEUE MILTER CONTROLS
       As of version 2.3, Postfix supports the Sendmail version 8 Milter (mail
       filter)	protocol.  These content filters run outside Postfix. They can
       inspect the SMTP command	 stream	 and  the  message  content,  and  can
       request	modifications  before mail is queued. For details see the MIL‐
       TER_README document.

       smtpd_milters (empty)
	      A list of Milter (mail filter) applications for  new  mail  that
	      arrives via the Postfix smtpd(8) server.

       milter_protocol (6)
	      The  mail	 filter	 protocol version and optional protocol exten‐
	      sions for communication with  a  Milter  application;  prior  to
	      Postfix 2.6 the default protocol is 2.

       milter_default_action (tempfail)
	      The  default  action  when a Milter (mail filter) application is
	      unavailable or mis-configured.

       milter_macro_daemon_name ($myhostname)
	      The {daemon_name} macro value for Milter (mail filter)  applica‐
	      tions.

       milter_macro_v ($mail_name $mail_version)
	      The {v} macro value for Milter (mail filter) applications.

       milter_connect_timeout (30s)
	      The time limit for connecting to a Milter (mail filter) applica‐
	      tion, and for negotiating protocol options.

       milter_command_timeout (30s)
	      The time limit for sending an SMTP command  to  a	 Milter	 (mail
	      filter) application, and for receiving the response.

       milter_content_timeout (300s)
	      The  time	 limit	for  sending message content to a Milter (mail
	      filter) application, and for receiving the response.

       milter_connect_macros (see 'postconf -d' output)
	      The macros that are sent to Milter  (mail	 filter)  applications
	      after completion of an SMTP connection.

       milter_helo_macros (see 'postconf -d' output)
	      The  macros  that	 are sent to Milter (mail filter) applications
	      after the SMTP HELO or EHLO command.

       milter_mail_macros (see 'postconf -d' output)
	      The macros that are sent to Milter  (mail	 filter)  applications
	      after the SMTP MAIL FROM command.

       milter_rcpt_macros (see 'postconf -d' output)
	      The  macros  that	 are sent to Milter (mail filter) applications
	      after the SMTP RCPT TO command.

       milter_data_macros (see 'postconf -d' output)
	      The macros that are sent to version 4  or	 higher	 Milter	 (mail
	      filter) applications after the SMTP DATA command.

       milter_unknown_command_macros (see 'postconf -d' output)
	      The  macros  that	 are  sent to version 3 or higher Milter (mail
	      filter) applications after an unknown SMTP command.

       milter_end_of_header_macros (see 'postconf -d' output)
	      The macros that are sent to Milter  (mail	 filter)  applications
	      after the end of the message header.

       milter_end_of_data_macros (see 'postconf -d' output)
	      The  macros  that	 are sent to Milter (mail filter) applications
	      after the message end-of-data.

GENERAL CONTENT INSPECTION CONTROLS
       The following parameters are applicable for both built-in and  external
       content filters.

       Available in Postfix version 2.1 and later:

       receive_override_options (empty)
	      Enable or disable recipient validation, built-in content filter‐
	      ing, or address mapping.

EXTERNAL CONTENT INSPECTION CONTROLS
       The following parameters	 are  applicable  for  both  before-queue  and
       after-queue content filtering.

       Available in Postfix version 2.1 and later:

       smtpd_authorized_xforward_hosts (empty)
	      What SMTP clients are allowed to use the XFORWARD feature.

SASL AUTHENTICATION CONTROLS
       Postfix SASL support (RFC 4954) can be used to authenticate remote SMTP
       clients to the Postfix SMTP server, and	to  authenticate  the  Postfix
       SMTP  client to a remote SMTP server.  See the SASL_README document for
       details.

       broken_sasl_auth_clients (no)
	      Enable inter-operability with SMTP  clients  that	 implement  an
	      obsolete version of the AUTH command (RFC 4954).

       smtpd_sasl_auth_enable (no)
	      Enable SASL authentication in the Postfix SMTP server.

       smtpd_sasl_local_domain (empty)
	      The  name of the Postfix SMTP server's local SASL authentication
	      realm.

       smtpd_sasl_security_options (noanonymous)
	      Postfix SMTP server SASL security options; as of Postfix 2.3 the
	      list  of available features depends on the SASL server implemen‐
	      tation that is selected with smtpd_sasl_type.

       smtpd_sender_login_maps (empty)
	      Optional lookup table with the SASL login names that own	sender
	      (MAIL FROM) addresses.

       Available in Postfix version 2.1 and later:

       smtpd_sasl_exceptions_networks (empty)
	      What  remote SMTP clients the Postfix SMTP server will not offer
	      AUTH support to.

       Available in Postfix version 2.1 and 2.2:

       smtpd_sasl_application_name (smtpd)
	      The application name that the Postfix SMTP server uses for  SASL
	      server initialization.

       Available in Postfix version 2.3 and later:

       smtpd_sasl_authenticated_header (no)
	      Report the SASL authenticated user name in the smtpd(8) Received
	      message header.

       smtpd_sasl_path (smtpd)
	      Implementation-specific information that the Postfix SMTP server
	      passes  through  to  the	SASL  plug-in  implementation  that is
	      selected with smtpd_sasl_type.

       smtpd_sasl_type (cyrus)
	      The SASL plug-in type that the Postfix SMTP  server  should  use
	      for authentication.

       Available in Postfix version 2.5 and later:

       cyrus_sasl_config_path (empty)
	      Search path for Cyrus SASL application configuration files, cur‐
	      rently used only to locate the $smtpd_sasl_path.conf file.

STARTTLS SUPPORT CONTROLS
       Detailed information about STARTTLS configuration may be found  in  the
       TLS_README document.

       smtpd_tls_security_level (empty)
	      The  SMTP TLS security level for the Postfix SMTP server; when a
	      non-empty value is specified, this overrides the obsolete param‐
	      eters smtpd_use_tls and smtpd_enforce_tls.

       smtpd_sasl_tls_security_options ($smtpd_sasl_security_options)
	      The  SASL	 authentication security options that the Postfix SMTP
	      server uses for TLS encrypted SMTP sessions.

       smtpd_starttls_timeout (300s)
	      The time limit for Postfix SMTP server write and read operations
	      during TLS startup and shutdown handshake procedures.

       smtpd_tls_CAfile (empty)
	      A	 file  containing  (PEM	 format)  CA  certificates of root CAs
	      trusted to sign either remote SMTP client certificates or inter‐
	      mediate CA certificates.

       smtpd_tls_CApath (empty)
	      A	 directory containing (PEM format) CA certificates of root CAs
	      trusted to sign either remote SMTP client certificates or inter‐
	      mediate CA certificates.

       smtpd_tls_always_issue_session_ids (yes)
	      Force  the  Postfix  SMTP server to issue a TLS session id, even
	      when  TLS	 session  caching  is	turned	 off   (smtpd_tls_ses‐
	      sion_cache_database is empty).

       smtpd_tls_ask_ccert (no)
	      Ask a remote SMTP client for a client certificate.

       smtpd_tls_auth_only (no)
	      When  TLS	 encryption is optional in the Postfix SMTP server, do
	      not announce or accept SASL authentication over unencrypted con‐
	      nections.

       smtpd_tls_ccert_verifydepth (9)
	      The verification depth for remote SMTP client certificates.

       smtpd_tls_cert_file (empty)
	      File with the Postfix SMTP server RSA certificate in PEM format.

       smtpd_tls_exclude_ciphers (empty)
	      List  of ciphers or cipher types to exclude from the SMTP server
	      cipher list at all TLS security levels.

       smtpd_tls_dcert_file (empty)
	      File with the Postfix SMTP server DSA certificate in PEM format.

       smtpd_tls_dh1024_param_file (empty)
	      File with DH parameters that the Postfix SMTP server should  use
	      with EDH ciphers.

       smtpd_tls_dh512_param_file (empty)
	      File  with DH parameters that the Postfix SMTP server should use
	      with EDH ciphers.

       smtpd_tls_dkey_file ($smtpd_tls_dcert_file)
	      File with the Postfix SMTP server DSA private key in PEM format.

       smtpd_tls_key_file ($smtpd_tls_cert_file)
	      File with the Postfix SMTP server RSA private key in PEM format.

       smtpd_tls_loglevel (0)
	      Enable additional Postfix SMTP server logging of TLS activity.

       smtpd_tls_mandatory_ciphers (medium)
	      The minimum TLS cipher grade that the Postfix SMTP  server  will
	      use with mandatory TLS encryption.

       smtpd_tls_mandatory_exclude_ciphers (empty)
	      Additional  list	of ciphers or cipher types to exclude from the
	      SMTP server cipher list at mandatory TLS security levels.

       smtpd_tls_mandatory_protocols (SSLv3, TLSv1)
	      The SSL/TLS protocols accepted by the Postfix SMTP  server  with
	      mandatory TLS encryption.

       smtpd_tls_received_header (no)
	      Request that the Postfix SMTP server produces Received:  message
	      headers that include information about the protocol  and	cipher
	      used,  as	 well  as the client CommonName and client certificate
	      issuer CommonName.

       smtpd_tls_req_ccert (no)
	      With mandatory TLS encryption, require  a	 trusted  remote  SMTP
	      client certificate in order to allow TLS connections to proceed.

       smtpd_tls_session_cache_database (empty)
	      Name of the file containing the optional Postfix SMTP server TLS
	      session cache.

       smtpd_tls_session_cache_timeout (3600s)
	      The expiration time of Postfix SMTP  server  TLS	session	 cache
	      information.

       smtpd_tls_wrappermode (no)
	      Run  the Postfix SMTP server in the non-standard "wrapper" mode,
	      instead of using the STARTTLS command.

       tls_daemon_random_bytes (32)
	      The number of pseudo-random bytes that an	 smtp(8)  or  smtpd(8)
	      process  requests from the tlsmgr(8) server in order to seed its
	      internal pseudo random number generator (PRNG).

       tls_high_cipherlist (ALL:!EXPORT:!LOW:!MEDIUM:+RC4:@STRENGTH)
	      The OpenSSL cipherlist for "HIGH" grade ciphers.

       tls_medium_cipherlist (ALL:!EXPORT:!LOW:+RC4:@STRENGTH)
	      The OpenSSL cipherlist for "MEDIUM" or higher grade ciphers.

       tls_low_cipherlist (ALL:!EXPORT:+RC4:@STRENGTH)
	      The OpenSSL cipherlist for "LOW" or higher grade ciphers.

       tls_export_cipherlist (ALL:+RC4:@STRENGTH)
	      The OpenSSL cipherlist for "EXPORT" or higher grade ciphers.

       tls_null_cipherlist (eNULL:!aNULL)
	      The OpenSSL cipherlist for "NULL"	 grade	ciphers	 that  provide
	      authentication without encryption.

       Available in Postfix version 2.5 and later:

       smtpd_tls_fingerprint_digest (md5)
	      The  message  digest algorithm used to construct client-certifi‐
	      cate    fingerprints    for    check_ccert_access	   and	  per‐
	      mit_tls_clientcerts.

       Available in Postfix version 2.6 and later:

       smtpd_tls_protocols (empty)
	      List  of TLS protocols that the Postfix SMTP server will exclude
	      or include with opportunistic TLS encryption.

       smtpd_tls_ciphers (export)
	      The minimum TLS cipher grade that the Postfix SMTP  server  will
	      use with opportunistic TLS encryption.

       smtpd_tls_eccert_file (empty)
	      File  with the Postfix SMTP server ECDSA certificate in PEM for‐
	      mat.

       smtpd_tls_eckey_file ($smtpd_tls_eccert_file)
	      File with the Postfix SMTP server ECDSA private key in PEM  for‐
	      mat.

       smtpd_tls_eecdh_grade (see 'postconf -d' output)
	      The  Postfix  SMTP server security grade for ephemeral elliptic-
	      curve Diffie-Hellman (EECDH) key exchange.

       tls_eecdh_strong_curve (prime256v1)
	      The elliptic curve used by the SMTP server for  sensibly	strong
	      ephemeral ECDH key exchange.

       tls_eecdh_ultra_curve (secp384r1)
	      The  elliptic curve used by the SMTP server for maximally strong
	      ephemeral ECDH key exchange.

OBSOLETE STARTTLS CONTROLS
       The following configuration parameters  exist  for  compatibility  with
       Postfix	versions  before  2.3.	Support for these will be removed in a
       future release.

       smtpd_use_tls (no)
	      Opportunistic TLS: announce STARTTLS support  to	SMTP  clients,
	      but do not require that clients use TLS encryption.

       smtpd_enforce_tls (no)
	      Mandatory	 TLS:  announce	 STARTTLS support to SMTP clients, and
	      require that clients use TLS encryption.

       smtpd_tls_cipherlist (empty)
	      Obsolete Postfix < 2.3 control for the Postfix SMTP  server  TLS
	      cipher list.

VERP SUPPORT CONTROLS
       With  VERP  style delivery, each recipient of a message receives a cus‐
       tomized copy of the message with his/her own recipient address  encoded
       in the envelope sender address.	The VERP_README file describes config‐
       uration and operation details of Postfix support for variable  envelope
       return  path addresses.	VERP style delivery is requested with the SMTP
       XVERP command or with the "sendmail  -V"	 command-line  option  and  is
       available in Postfix version 1.1 and later.

       default_verp_delimiters (+=)
	      The two default VERP delimiter characters.

       verp_delimiter_filter (-=+)
	      The  characters  Postfix accepts as VERP delimiter characters on
	      the Postfix sendmail(1) command line and in SMTP commands.

       Available in Postfix version 1.1 and 2.0:

       authorized_verp_clients ($mynetworks)
	      What SMTP clients are allowed to specify the XVERP command.

       Available in Postfix version 2.1 and later:

       smtpd_authorized_verp_clients ($authorized_verp_clients)
	      What SMTP clients are allowed to specify the XVERP command.

TROUBLE SHOOTING CONTROLS
       The DEBUG_README document describes how to debug parts of  the  Postfix
       mail  system.  The  methods  vary from making the software log a lot of
       detail, to running some daemon processes under control of a call tracer
       or debugger.

       debug_peer_level (2)
	      The  increment  in verbose logging level when a remote client or
	      server matches a pattern in the debug_peer_list parameter.

       debug_peer_list (empty)
	      Optional list of remote client or	 server	 hostname  or  network
	      address  patterns	 that  cause  the  verbose  logging  level  to
	      increase by the amount specified in $debug_peer_level.

       error_notice_recipient (postmaster)
	      The recipient of postmaster notifications	 about	mail  delivery
	      problems that are caused by policy, resource, software or proto‐
	      col errors.

       internal_mail_filter_classes (empty)
	      What categories of Postfix-generated mail are subject to before-
	      queue content inspection by non_smtpd_milters, header_checks and
	      body_checks.

       notify_classes (resource, software)
	      The list of error classes that are reported to the postmaster.

       soft_bounce (no)
	      Safety net to keep mail queued that would otherwise be  returned
	      to the sender.

       Available in Postfix version 2.1 and later:

       smtpd_authorized_xclient_hosts (empty)
	      What SMTP clients are allowed to use the XCLIENT feature.

KNOWN VERSUS UNKNOWN RECIPIENT CONTROLS
       As  of  Postfix	version	 2.0, the SMTP server rejects mail for unknown
       recipients. This prevents the mail queue from clogging up with undeliv‐
       erable  MAILER-DAEMON messages. Additional information on this topic is
       in the LOCAL_RECIPIENT_README and ADDRESS_CLASS_README documents.

       show_user_unknown_table_name (yes)
	      Display the name of the recipient table in  the  "User  unknown"
	      responses.

       canonical_maps (empty)
	      Optional	address	 mapping lookup tables for message headers and
	      envelopes.

       recipient_canonical_maps (empty)
	      Optional address mapping lookup tables for envelope  and	header
	      recipient addresses.

       Parameters concerning known/unknown local recipients:

       mydestination ($myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost)
	      The  list of domains that are delivered via the $local_transport
	      mail delivery transport.

       inet_interfaces (all)
	      The network interface addresses that this mail  system  receives
	      mail on.

       proxy_interfaces (empty)
	      The  network  interface addresses that this mail system receives
	      mail on by way of a proxy or network address translation unit.

       inet_protocols (ipv4)
	      The Internet protocols Postfix will attempt to use  when	making
	      or accepting connections.

       local_recipient_maps (proxy:unix:passwd.byname $alias_maps)
	      Lookup tables with all names or addresses of local recipients: a
	      recipient address is local when its domain  matches  $mydestina‐
	      tion, $inet_interfaces or $proxy_interfaces.

       unknown_local_recipient_reject_code (550)
	      The numerical Postfix SMTP server response code when a recipient
	      address is local, and $local_recipient_maps specifies a list  of
	      lookup tables that does not match the recipient.

       Parameters concerning known/unknown recipients of relay destinations:

       relay_domains ($mydestination)
	      What  destination	 domains  (and subdomains thereof) this system
	      will relay mail to.

       relay_recipient_maps (empty)
	      Optional lookup tables with all valid addresses in  the  domains
	      that match $relay_domains.

       unknown_relay_recipient_reject_code (550)
	      The  numerical  Postfix  SMTP server reply code when a recipient
	      address matches $relay_domains, and relay_recipient_maps	speci‐
	      fies  a  list of lookup tables that does not match the recipient
	      address.

       Parameters  concerning  known/unknown  recipients  in   virtual	 alias
       domains:

       virtual_alias_domains ($virtual_alias_maps)
	      Postfix  is  final destination for the specified list of virtual
	      alias domains, that is, domains  for  which  all	addresses  are
	      aliased to addresses in other local or remote domains.

       virtual_alias_maps ($virtual_maps)
	      Optional	lookup	tables	that  alias specific mail addresses or
	      domains to other local or remote address.

       unknown_virtual_alias_reject_code (550)
	      The SMTP server reply code  when	a  recipient  address  matches
	      $virtual_alias_domains, and $virtual_alias_maps specifies a list
	      of lookup tables that does not match the recipient address.

       Parameters  concerning  known/unknown  recipients  in  virtual  mailbox
       domains:

       virtual_mailbox_domains ($virtual_mailbox_maps)
	      Postfix  is final destination for the specified list of domains;
	      mail is  delivered  via  the  $virtual_transport	mail  delivery
	      transport.

       virtual_mailbox_maps (empty)
	      Optional	lookup	tables with all valid addresses in the domains
	      that match $virtual_mailbox_domains.

       unknown_virtual_mailbox_reject_code (550)
	      The SMTP server reply code  when	a  recipient  address  matches
	      $virtual_mailbox_domains,	 and $virtual_mailbox_maps specifies a
	      list of lookup tables that does not match the recipient address.

RESOURCE AND RATE CONTROLS
       The following parameters limit resource usage by the SMTP server and/or
       control client request rates.

       line_length_limit (2048)
	      Upon  input,  long  lines	 are chopped up into pieces of at most
	      this length; upon delivery, long lines are reconstructed.

       queue_minfree (0)
	      The minimal amount of free space in bytes in the queue file sys‐
	      tem that is needed to receive mail.

       message_size_limit (10240000)
	      The  maximal  size  in  bytes  of	 a message, including envelope
	      information.

       smtpd_recipient_limit (1000)
	      The maximal number of recipients that the	 Postfix  SMTP	server
	      accepts per message delivery request.

       smtpd_timeout (normal: 300s, overload: 10s)
	      The  time	 limit	for sending a Postfix SMTP server response and
	      for receiving a remote SMTP client request.

       smtpd_history_flush_threshold (100)
	      The maximal number of lines in the Postfix SMTP  server  command
	      history  before it is flushed upon receipt of EHLO, RSET, or end
	      of DATA.

       Available in Postfix version 2.3 and later:

       smtpd_peername_lookup (yes)
	      Attempt to look up the remote SMTP client hostname,  and	verify
	      that the name matches the client IP address.

       The per SMTP client connection count and request rate limits are imple‐
       mented in co-operation with the anvil(8) service, and are available  in
       Postfix version 2.2 and later.

       smtpd_client_connection_count_limit (50)
	      How  many simultaneous connections any client is allowed to make
	      to this service.

       smtpd_client_connection_rate_limit (0)
	      The maximal number of connection attempts any client is  allowed
	      to make to this service per time unit.

       smtpd_client_message_rate_limit (0)
	      The  maximal number of message delivery requests that any client
	      is allowed to make to this service per time unit, regardless  of
	      whether or not Postfix actually accepts those messages.

       smtpd_client_recipient_rate_limit (0)
	      The  maximal  number  of	recipient addresses that any client is
	      allowed to send to this service per  time	 unit,	regardless  of
	      whether or not Postfix actually accepts those recipients.

       smtpd_client_event_limit_exceptions ($mynetworks)
	      Clients  that  are excluded from smtpd_client_*_count/rate_limit
	      restrictions.

       Available in Postfix version 2.3 and later:

       smtpd_client_new_tls_session_rate_limit (0)
	      The maximal number of new (i.e., uncached) TLS sessions  that  a
	      remote SMTP client is allowed to negotiate with this service per
	      time unit.

TARPIT CONTROLS
       When a remote SMTP client makes errors, the  Postfix  SMTP  server  can
       insert  delays  before  responding. This can help to slow down run-away
       software.  The behavior is controlled by an error counter  that	counts
       the number of errors within an SMTP session that a client makes without
       delivering mail.

       smtpd_error_sleep_time (1s)
	      With Postfix version 2.1 and later:  the	SMTP  server  response
	      delay  after a client has made more than $smtpd_soft_error_limit
	      errors, and fewer than $smtpd_hard_error_limit  errors,  without
	      delivering mail.

       smtpd_soft_error_limit (10)
	      The  number  of  errors  a remote SMTP client is allowed to make
	      without delivering mail before the  Postfix  SMTP	 server	 slows
	      down all its responses.

       smtpd_hard_error_limit (normal: 20, overload: 1)
	      The  maximal number of errors a remote SMTP client is allowed to
	      make without delivering mail.

       smtpd_junk_command_limit (normal: 100, overload: 1)
	      The number of junk commands (NOOP, VRFY, ETRN or	RSET)  that  a
	      remote  SMTP  client  can	 send  before  the Postfix SMTP server
	      starts to increment the error counter with each junk command.

       Available in Postfix version 2.1 and later:

       smtpd_recipient_overshoot_limit (1000)
	      The number of recipients that a remote SMTP client can  send  in
	      excess  of  the  limit  specified	 with  $smtpd_recipient_limit,
	      before the Postfix SMTP server increments the per-session	 error
	      count for each excess recipient.

ACCESS POLICY DELEGATION CONTROLS
       As  of version 2.1, Postfix can be configured to delegate access policy
       decisions to an external server that runs  outside  Postfix.   See  the
       file SMTPD_POLICY_README for more information.

       smtpd_policy_service_max_idle (300s)
	      The  time after which an idle SMTPD policy service connection is
	      closed.

       smtpd_policy_service_max_ttl (1000s)
	      The time after which an active SMTPD policy  service  connection
	      is closed.

       smtpd_policy_service_timeout (100s)
	      The time limit for connecting to, writing to or receiving from a
	      delegated SMTPD policy server.

ACCESS CONTROLS
       The SMTPD_ACCESS_README document gives an introduction to all the  SMTP
       server access control features.

       smtpd_delay_reject (yes)
	      Wait    until    the   RCPT   TO	 command   before   evaluating
	      $smtpd_client_restrictions,     $smtpd_helo_restrictions	   and
	      $smtpd_sender_restrictions,  or  wait  until  the	 ETRN  command
	      before	  evaluating	  $smtpd_client_restrictions	   and
	      $smtpd_helo_restrictions.

       parent_domain_matches_subdomains (see 'postconf -d' output)
	      What Postfix features match subdomains of "domain.tld" automati‐
	      cally, instead of requiring an explicit ".domain.tld" pattern.

       smtpd_client_restrictions (empty)
	      Optional SMTP server access restrictions in  the	context	 of  a
	      client SMTP connection request.

       smtpd_helo_required (no)
	      Require  that  a	remote	SMTP client introduces itself with the
	      HELO or EHLO command before sending the MAIL  command  or	 other
	      commands that require EHLO negotiation.

       smtpd_helo_restrictions (empty)
	      Optional	restrictions  that  the Postfix SMTP server applies in
	      the context of the SMTP HELO command.

       smtpd_sender_restrictions (empty)
	      Optional restrictions that the Postfix SMTP  server  applies  in
	      the context of the MAIL FROM command.

       smtpd_recipient_restrictions (permit_mynetworks, reject_unauth_destina‐
       tion)
	      The access restrictions that the Postfix SMTP server applies  in
	      the context of the RCPT TO command.

       smtpd_etrn_restrictions (empty)
	      Optional	SMTP  server  access  restrictions in the context of a
	      client ETRN request.

       allow_untrusted_routing (no)
	      Forward	   mail	     with	sender-specified       routing
	      (user[@%!]remote[@%!]site)  from	untrusted  clients to destina‐
	      tions matching $relay_domains.

       smtpd_restriction_classes (empty)
	      User-defined aliases for groups of access restrictions.

       smtpd_null_access_lookup_key (<>)
	      The lookup key to be used in SMTP access(5)  tables  instead  of
	      the null sender address.

       permit_mx_backup_networks (empty)
	      Restrict	the use of the permit_mx_backup SMTP access feature to
	      only domains whose primary MX hosts match the listed networks.

       Available in Postfix version 2.0 and later:

       smtpd_data_restrictions (empty)
	      Optional	access	restrictions  that  the	 Postfix  SMTP	server
	      applies in the context of the SMTP DATA command.

       smtpd_expansion_filter (see 'postconf -d' output)
	      What  characters	are  allowed  in $name expansions of RBL reply
	      templates.

       Available in Postfix version 2.1 and later:

       smtpd_reject_unlisted_sender (no)
	      Request that the Postfix SMTP server rejects mail	 from  unknown
	      sender  addresses,  even when no explicit reject_unlisted_sender
	      access restriction is specified.

       smtpd_reject_unlisted_recipient (yes)
	      Request that the Postfix SMTP server rejects  mail  for  unknown
	      recipient	     addresses,	     even     when     no     explicit
	      reject_unlisted_recipient access restriction is specified.

       Available in Postfix version 2.2 and later:

       smtpd_end_of_data_restrictions (empty)
	      Optional	access	restrictions  that  the	 Postfix  SMTP	server
	      applies in the context of the SMTP END-OF-DATA command.

SENDER AND RECIPIENT ADDRESS VERIFICATION CONTROLS
       Postfix	version	 2.1 introduces sender and recipient address verifica‐
       tion.  This feature is implemented by sending probe email messages that
       are  not	 actually  delivered.	This  feature  is  requested  via  the
       reject_unverified_sender	  and	 reject_unverified_recipient	access
       restrictions.   The  status of verification probes is maintained by the
       verify(8) server.  See the file ADDRESS_VERIFICATION_README for	infor‐
       mation  about how to configure and operate the Postfix sender/recipient
       address verification service.

       address_verify_poll_count (normal: 3, overload: 1)
	      How many times to query the verify(8) service for the completion
	      of an address verification request in progress.

       address_verify_poll_delay (3s)
	      The delay between queries for the completion of an address veri‐
	      fication request in progress.

       address_verify_sender ($double_bounce_sender)
	      The sender address to use in address verification probes;	 prior
	      to Postfix 2.5 the default was "postmaster".

       unverified_sender_reject_code (450)
	      The numerical Postfix SMTP server response code when a recipient
	      address is rejected by the reject_unverified_sender restriction.

       unverified_recipient_reject_code (450)
	      The numerical Postfix SMTP  server  response  when  a  recipient
	      address  is rejected by the reject_unverified_recipient restric‐
	      tion.

       Available in Postfix version 2.6 and later:

       unverified_sender_defer_code (450)
	      The numerical Postfix SMTP server response code  when  a	sender
	      address probe fails due to a temporary error condition.

       unverified_recipient_defer_code (450)
	      The  numerical  Postfix  SMTP  server  response when a recipient
	      address probe fails due to a temporary error condition.

       unverified_sender_reject_reason (empty)
	      The  Postfix  SMTP  server's  reply  when	 rejecting  mail  with
	      reject_unverified_sender.

       unverified_recipient_reject_reason (empty)
	      The  Postfix  SMTP  server's  reply  when	 rejecting  mail  with
	      reject_unverified_recipient.

       unverified_sender_tempfail_action ($reject_tempfail_action)
	      The Postfix SMTP server's action	when  reject_unverified_sender
	      fails due to a temporary error condition.

       unverified_recipient_tempfail_action ($reject_tempfail_action)
	      The  Postfix SMTP server's action when reject_unverified_recipi‐
	      ent fails due to a temporary error condition.

ACCESS CONTROL RESPONSES
       The following parameters control numerical SMTP reply codes and/or text
       responses.

       access_map_reject_code (554)
	      The numerical Postfix SMTP server response code for an access(5)
	      map "reject" action.

       defer_code (450)
	      The numerical Postfix SMTP server response code  when  a	remote
	      SMTP client request is rejected by the "defer" restriction.

       invalid_hostname_reject_code (501)
	      The  numerical Postfix SMTP server response code when the client
	      HELO  or	 EHLO	command	  parameter   is   rejected   by   the
	      reject_invalid_helo_hostname restriction.

       maps_rbl_reject_code (554)
	      The  numerical  Postfix  SMTP server response code when a remote
	      SMTP  client  request  is	 blocked  by  the   reject_rbl_client,
	      reject_rhsbl_client,		  reject_rhsbl_reverse_client,
	      reject_rhsbl_sender or reject_rhsbl_recipient restriction.

       non_fqdn_reject_code (504)
	      The numerical Postfix SMTP  server  reply	 code  when  a	client
	      request	is   rejected  by  the	reject_non_fqdn_helo_hostname,
	      reject_non_fqdn_sender or reject_non_fqdn_recipient restriction.

       plaintext_reject_code (450)
	      The numerical Postfix SMTP server response code when  a  request
	      is rejected by the reject_plaintext_session restriction.

       reject_code (554)
	      The  numerical  Postfix  SMTP server response code when a remote
	      SMTP client request is rejected by the "reject" restriction.

       relay_domains_reject_code (554)
	      The numerical Postfix SMTP server response code  when  a	client
	      request  is  rejected by the reject_unauth_destination recipient
	      restriction.

       unknown_address_reject_code (450)
	      The numerical Postfix SMTP server response code when a sender or
	      recipient	      address	    is	     rejected	   by	   the
	      reject_unknown_sender_domain or  reject_unknown_recipient_domain
	      restriction.

       unknown_client_reject_code (450)
	      The  numerical  Postfix  SMTP server response code when a client
	      without valid address  <=>  name	mapping	 is  rejected  by  the
	      reject_unknown_client_hostname restriction.

       unknown_hostname_reject_code (450)
	      The  numerical  Postfix SMTP server response code when the host‐
	      name specified with the HELO or EHLO command is rejected by  the
	      reject_unknown_helo_hostname restriction.

       Available in Postfix version 2.0 and later:

       default_rbl_reply (see 'postconf -d' output)
	      The  default SMTP server response template for a request that is
	      rejected by an RBL-based restriction.

       multi_recipient_bounce_reject_code (550)
	      The numerical Postfix SMTP server response code  when  a	remote
	      SMTP  client  request  is	 blocked  by  the reject_multi_recipi‐
	      ent_bounce restriction.

       rbl_reply_maps (empty)
	      Optional lookup tables with RBL response templates.

       Available in Postfix version 2.6 and later:

       access_map_defer_code (450)
	      The numerical Postfix SMTP server response code for an access(5)
	      map    "defer"	action,	   including	"defer_if_permit"   or
	      "defer_if_reject".

       reject_tempfail_action (defer_if_permit)
	      The Postfix SMTP server's action when a reject-type  restriction
	      fails due to a temporary error condition.

       unknown_helo_hostname_tempfail_action ($reject_tempfail_action)
	      The  Postfix SMTP server's action when reject_unknown_helo_host‐
	      name fails due to an temporary error condition.

       unknown_address_tempfail_action ($reject_tempfail_action)
	      The      Postfix	    SMTP      server's	     action	  when
	      reject_unknown_sender_domain  or reject_unknown_recipient_domain
	      fail due to a temporary error condition.

MISCELLANEOUS CONTROLS
       config_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)
	      The default location of the Postfix main.cf and  master.cf  con‐
	      figuration files.

       daemon_timeout (18000s)
	      How  much	 time  a  Postfix  daemon process may take to handle a
	      request before it is terminated by a built-in watchdog timer.

       command_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)
	      The location of all postfix administrative commands.

       double_bounce_sender (double-bounce)
	      The sender address of postmaster notifications that  are	gener‐
	      ated by the mail system.

       ipc_timeout (3600s)
	      The  time	 limit	for  sending  or receiving information over an
	      internal communication channel.

       mail_name (Postfix)
	      The mail system name that is displayed in Received: headers,  in
	      the SMTP greeting banner, and in bounced mail.

       mail_owner (postfix)
	      The  UNIX	 system	 account  that owns the Postfix queue and most
	      Postfix daemon processes.

       max_idle (100s)
	      The maximum amount of time that an idle Postfix  daemon  process
	      waits for an incoming connection before terminating voluntarily.

       max_use (100)
	      The maximal number of incoming connections that a Postfix daemon
	      process will service before terminating voluntarily.

       myhostname (see 'postconf -d' output)
	      The internet hostname of this mail system.

       mynetworks (see 'postconf -d' output)
	      The list of "trusted" SMTP clients  that	have  more  privileges
	      than "strangers".

       myorigin ($myhostname)
	      The  domain  name that locally-posted mail appears to come from,
	      and that locally posted mail is delivered to.

       process_id (read-only)
	      The process ID of a Postfix command or daemon process.

       process_name (read-only)
	      The process name of a Postfix command or daemon process.

       queue_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)
	      The location of the Postfix top-level queue directory.

       recipient_delimiter (empty)
	      The  separator  between  user  names  and	  address   extensions
	      (user+foo).

       smtpd_banner ($myhostname ESMTP $mail_name)
	      The  text	 that follows the 220 status code in the SMTP greeting
	      banner.

       syslog_facility (mail)
	      The syslog facility of Postfix logging.

       syslog_name (see 'postconf -d' output)
	      The mail system name that is prepended to the  process  name  in
	      syslog  records,	so  that  "smtpd" becomes, for example, "post‐
	      fix/smtpd".

       Available in Postfix version 2.2 and later:

       smtpd_forbidden_commands (CONNECT, GET, POST)
	      List of commands that cause the Postfix SMTP server  to  immedi‐
	      ately terminate the session with a 221 code.

       Available in Postfix version 2.5 and later:

       smtpd_client_port_logging (no)
	      Enable logging of the remote SMTP client port in addition to the
	      hostname and IP address.

SEE ALSO
       anvil(8), connection/rate limiting
       cleanup(8), message canonicalization
       tlsmgr(8), TLS session and PRNG management
       trivial-rewrite(8), address resolver
       verify(8), address verification service
       postconf(5), configuration parameters
       master(5), generic daemon options
       master(8), process manager
       syslogd(8), system logging

README FILES
       Use "postconf readme_directory" or "postconf html_directory" to	locate
       this information.
       ADDRESS_CLASS_README, blocking unknown hosted or relay recipients
       ADDRESS_REWRITING_README Postfix address manipulation
       FILTER_README, external after-queue content filter
       LOCAL_RECIPIENT_README, blocking unknown local recipients
       MILTER_README, before-queue mail filter applications
       SMTPD_ACCESS_README, built-in access policies
       SMTPD_POLICY_README, external policy server
       SMTPD_PROXY_README, external before-queue content filter
       SASL_README, Postfix SASL howto
       TLS_README, Postfix STARTTLS howto
       VERP_README, Postfix XVERP extension
       XCLIENT_README, Postfix XCLIENT extension
       XFORWARD_README, Postfix XFORWARD extension

LICENSE
       The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software.

AUTHOR(S)
       Wietse Venema
       IBM T.J. Watson Research
       P.O. Box 704
       Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA

       SASL support originally by:
       Till Franke
       SuSE Rhein/Main AG
       65760 Eschborn, Germany

       TLS support originally by:
       Lutz Jaenicke
       BTU Cottbus
       Allgemeine Elektrotechnik
       Universitaetsplatz 3-4
       D-03044 Cottbus, Germany

       Revised TLS support by:
       Victor Duchovni
       Morgan Stanley

								      SMTPD(8)
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