KADMIND(8)KADMIND(8)NAMEkadmind - KADM5 administration server
SYNOPSISkadmind [-x db_args] [-r realm] [-m] [-nofork] [-port port-number]
[-P pid_file]
DESCRIPTION
This command starts the KADM5 administration server. If the database
is db2, the administration server runs on the master Kerberos server,
which stores the KDC principal database and the KADM5 policy database.
If the database is LDAP, the administration server and the KDC server
need not run on the same machine. Kadmind accepts remote requests to
administer the information in these databases. Remote requests are
sent, for example, by kadmin(8) and the kpasswd(1) command, both of
which are clients of kadmind.
kadmind requires a number of configuration files to be set up in order
for it to work:
kdc.conf The KDC configuration file contains configuration information
for the KDC and the KADM5 system. Kadmind understands a num‐
ber of variable settings in this file, some of which are
mandatory and some of which are optional. See the CONFIGURA‐
TION VALUES section below.
keytab Kadmind requires a keytab containing correct entries for the
kadmin/admin and kadmin/changepw principals for every realm
that kadmind will answer requests for. The keytab can be
created with the kadmin(8) client. The location of the
keytab is determined by the admin_keytab configuration vari‐
able (see CONFIGURATION VALUES).
ACL file Kadmind's ACL (access control list) tells it which principals
are allowed to perform KADM5 administration actions. The
path of the ACL file is specified via the acl_file configura‐
tion variable (see CONFIGURATION VALUES). The syntax of the
ACL file is specified in the ACL FILE SYNTAX section below.
After the server begins running, it puts itself in the background and
disassociates itself from its controlling terminal.
kadmind can be configured for incremental database propagation. Incre‐
mental propagation allows slave KDC servers to receive principal and
policy updates incrementally instead of receiving full dumps of the
database. This facility can be enabled in the kdc.conf file with the
iprop_enable option. See the kdc.conf documentation for other options
for tuning incremental propagation parameters. Incremental propagation
requires the principal "kiprop/MASTER@REALM" (where MASTER is the mas‐
ter KDC's canonical host name, and REALM the realm name) to be regis‐
tered in the database.
OPTIONS-x db_args
specifies the database specific arguments.
Options supported for LDAP database are:
-x nconns=<number_of_connections>
specifies the number of connections to be maintained per
LDAP server.
-x host=<ldapuri>
specifies the LDAP server to connect to by a LDAP URI.
-x binddn=<binddn>
specifies the DN of the object used by the administration
server to bind to the LDAP server. This object should have
the read and write rights on the realm container, principal
container and the subtree that is referenced by the realm.
-x bindpwd=<bind_password>
specifies the password for the above mentioned binddn. It
is recommended not to use this option. Instead, the pass‐
word can be stashed using the stashsrvpw command of
kdb5_ldap_util.
-r realm
specifies the default realm that kadmind will serve; if it is
not specified, the default realm of the host is used. kadmind
will answer requests for any realm that exists in the local KDC
database and for which the appropriate principals are in its
keytab.
-m specifies that the master database password should be fetched
from the keyboard rather than from a file on disk. Note that
the server gets the password prior to putting itself in the
background; in combination with the -nofork option, you must
place it in the background by hand.
-nofork
specifies that the server does not put itself in the background
and does not disassociate itself from the terminal. In normal
operation, you should always allow the server place itself in
the background.
-port port-number
specifies the port on which the administration server listens
for connections. The default is is controlled by the kad‐
mind_port configuration variable (see below).
-P pid_file
specifies the file to which the PID of kadmind process should be
written to after it starts up. This can be used to identify
whether kadmind is still running and to allow init scripts to
stop the correct process.
CONFIGURATION VALUES
In addition to the relations defined in kdc.conf(5), kadmind under‐
stands the following relations, all of which should appear in the
[realms] section:
acl_file
The path of kadmind's ACL file. Mandatory. No default.
dict_file
The path of kadmind's password dictionary. A principal with any
password policy will not be allowed to select any password in
the dictionary. Optional. No default.
admin_keytab
The name of the keytab containing entries for the principals
kadmin/admin and kadmin/changepw in each realm that kadmind will
serve. The default is the value of the KRB5_KTNAME environment
variable, if defined. Mandatory.
kadmind_port
The TCP port on which kadmind will listen. The default is 749.
ACL FILE SYNTAX
The ACL file controls which principals can or cannot perform which
administrative functions. For operations that affect principals, the
ACL file also controls which principals can operate on which other
principals. This file can contain comment lines, null lines or lines
which contain ACL entries. Comment lines start with the sharp sign (#)
and continue until the end of the line. Lines containing ACL entries
have the format of principal whitespace operation-mask [whitespace
operation-target]
Ordering is important. The first matching entry is the one which will
control access for a particular principal on a particular principal.
principal
may specify a partially or fully qualified Kerberos version 5
principal name. Each component of the name may be wildcarded
using the asterisk ( * ) character.
operation-target
[Optional] may specify a partially or fully qualified Kerberos
version 5 principal name. Each component of the name may be
wildcarded using the asterisk ( * ) character.
operation-mask
Specifies what operations may or may not be performed by a prin‐
cipal matching a particular entry. This is a string of one or
more of the following list of characters or their upper-case
counterparts. If the character is upper-case, then the opera‐
tion is disallowed. If the character is lower-case, then the
operation is permitted.
a [Dis]allows the addition of principals or policies in the
database.
d [Dis]allows the deletion of principals or policies in the
database.
m [Dis]allows the modification of principals or policies in
the database.
c [Dis]allows the changing of passwords for principals in the
database.
i [Dis]allows inquiries to the database.
l [Dis]allows the listing of principals or policies in the
database.
p [Dis]allows the propagation of the principal database.
x Short for admcil.
* Same as x.
Some examples of valid entries here are:
user/instance@realm adm
A standard fully qualified name. The operation-mask only
applies to this principal and specifies that [s]he may add,
delete or modify principals and policies, but not change anybody
else's password.
user/instance@realm cim service/instance@realm
A standard fully qualified name and a standard fully qualified
target. The operation-mask only applies to this principal oper‐
ating on this target and specifies that [s]he may change the
target's password, request information about the target and mod‐
ify it.
user/*@realm ac
A wildcarded name. The operation-mask applies to all principals
in realm "realm" whose first component is "user" and specifies
that [s]he may add principals and change anybody's password.
user/*@realm i */instance@realm
A wildcarded name and target. The operation-mask applies to all
principals in realm "realm" whose first component is "user" and
specifies that [s]he may perform inquiries on principals whose
second component is "instance" and realm is "realm".
FILES
principal.db default name for Kerberos principal database
<dbname>.kadm5 KADM5 administrative database. (This would be
"principal.kadm5", if you use the default database
name.) Contains policy information.
<dbname>.kadm5.lock lock file for the KADM5 administrative database.
This file works backwards from most other lock
files. I.e., kadmin will exit with an error if
this file does not exist.
Note: The above three files are specific to db2 database.
kadm5.acl file containing list of principals and their kadmin
administrative privileges. See above for a
description.
kadm5.keytab keytab file for kadmin/admin principal.
kadm5.dict file containing dictionary of strings explicitly
disallowed as passwords.
SEE ALSOkpasswd(1), kadmin(8), kdb5_util(8), kadm5_export(8), kadm5_import(8),
kdb5_ldap_util(8)KADMIND(8)
