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GVINUM(8)		  BSD System Manager's Manual		     GVINUM(8)

NAME
     gvinum — Logical Volume Manager control program

SYNOPSIS
     gvinum [command] [-options]

COMMANDS
     attach plex volume [rename]

     attach subdisk plex [offset] [rename]
	     Attach a plex to a volume, or a subdisk to a plex.	 If offset is
	     specified, the subdisk will be attached to the given offset
	     within the plex.  If rename is specified, the subdisk or plex
	     will change name according to the object it attaches to.

     checkparity [-f] plex
	     Check the parity blocks of a RAID-5 plex.	The parity check will
	     start at the beginning of the plex if the -f flag is specified,
	     or otherwise at the location of the parity check pointer, the
	     first location at which plex's parity is incorrect.  All subdisks
	     in the plex must be up for a parity check.

     concat [-fv] [-n name] drives
	     Create a concatenated volume from the specified drives.  If no
	     name is specified, a unique name will be set by gvinum.

     create [-f] [description-file]
	     Create a volume as described in description-file.	If no
	     description-file provided, opens an editor and provides the cur‐
	     rent gvinum configuration for editing.  The -f flag will make
	     gvinum ignore any errors regarding creating objects that already
	     exists.  However, in contrast to vinum, objects that are not
	     properly named in the description-file will not be created when
	     the -f flag is given.

     detach [-f] [plex | subdisk]
	     Detach a plex or subdisk from the volume or plex to which it is
	     attached.

     grow plex device
	     Grow a plex by creating a gvinum drive and subdisk on device and
	     attach it to the plex.  If required by the plex organization, it
	     will be put into the growable state.

     help    Provides a synopsis of gvinum commands and arguments.

     l | list [-rvV] [volume | plex | subdisk]

     ld [-rvV] [drive ...]

     ls [-rvV] [subdisk ...]

     lp [-rvV] [plex ...]

     lv [-rvV] [volume ...]
	     List information about the relevant object(s).  The -r flag pro‐
	     vides recursive display, showing each object's subordinate
	     objects in proper relation.  The -v and -V flags provide progres‐
	     sively more detailed output.

     mirror [-fsv] [-n name] drives
	     Create a mirrored volume from the specified drives.  It requires
	     at least a multiple of 2 drives.  If no name is specified, a
	     unique name will be set by gvinum.	 If the -s flag is specified,
	     a striped mirror will be created, and thus requires a multiple of
	     4 drives.

     move | mv -f drive subdisk [...]
	     Move the subdisk(s) to the specified drive.  The -f flag is
	     required, as all data on the indicated subdisk(s) will be
	     destroyed as part of the move.  This can currently only be done
	     when the subdisk is not being accessed.

	     If a single subdisk is moved, and it forms a part of a RAID-5
	     plex, the moved subdisks will need to be set to the “stale”
	     state, and the plex will require a start command.	If multiple
	     subdisk(s) is moved, and form part of a RAID-5 plex, the moved
	     disk(s) will need to be set to the “up” state and the plex will
	     require a rebuildparity command.  If the subdisk(s) form part of
	     a plex that is mirrored with other plexes, the plex will require
	     restarting and will sync once restarted.  Moving more than one
	     subdisk in a RAID-5 plex or subdisks from both sides of a mir‐
	     rored plex volume will destroy data.  Note that parity rebuilds
	     and syncing must be started manually after a move.

     printconfig
	     Write a copy of the current configuration to standard output.

     quit    Exit gvinum when running in interactive mode.  Normally this
	     would be done by entering the EOF character.

     raid5 [-fv] [-s stripesize] [-n name] drives
	     Create a RAID-5 volume from the specified drives.	If no name is
	     specified,a unique name will be set by gvinum. This organization
	     requires at least three drives.

     rename [-r] drive | subdisk | plex | volume newname
	     Change the name of the specified object.  The -r flag will recur‐
	     sively rename subordinate objects.

	     Note that device nodes will not be renamed until gvinum is
	     restarted.

     rebuildparity [-f] plex
	     Rebuild the parity blocks of a RAID-5 plex.  The parity rebuild
	     will start at the beginning of the plex if the -f flag is speci‐
	     fied, or otherwise at the location of the parity check pointer.
	     All subdisks in the plex must be up for a parity check.

     resetconfig
	     Reset the complete gvinum configuration.

     rm [-r] volume | plex | subdisk
	     Remove an object and, if -r is specified, its subordinate
	     objects.

     saveconfig
	     Save gvinum configuration to disk after configuration failures.

     setstate [-f] state volume | plex | subdisk | drive
	     Set state without influencing other objects, for diagnostic pur‐
	     poses only.  The -f flag forces state changes regardless of
	     whether they are legal.

     start   Read configuration from all vinum drives.

     start [-S size] volume | plex | subdisk
	     Allow the system to access the objects.  If necessary, plexes
	     will be synced and rebuilt.  If a subdisk was added to a running
	     RAID-5 or striped plex, gvinum will expand into this subdisk and
	     grow the whole RAID-5 array.  This can be done without unmounting
	     your filesystem.  The -S flag is currently ignored.

     stop [-f] [volume | plex | subdisk]
	     Terminate access to the objects, or stop gvinum if no parameters
	     are specified.

     stripe [-fv] [-n name] drives
	     Create a striped volume from the specified drives. If no name is
	     specified, a unique name will be set by Ic gvinum. This organiza‐
	     tion requires at least two drives.

DESCRIPTION
     The gvinum utility communicates with the kernel component of the GVinum
     logical volume manager.  It is designed either for interactive use, when
     started without command line arguments, or to execute a single command if
     the command is supplied on the command line.  In interactive mode, gvinum
     maintains a command line history.

OPTIONS
     The gvinum commands may be followed by an option.

     -f	     The -f (“force”) option overrides safety checks.  It should be
	     used with extreme caution.	 This option is required in order to
	     use the move command.

     -r	     The -r (“recursive”) option applies the command recursively to
	     subordinate objects.  For example, in conjunction with the lv
	     command, the -r option will also show information about the
	     plexes and subdisks belonging to the volume.  It is also used by
	     the rename command to indicate that subordinate objects such as
	     subdisks should be renamed to match the object(s) specified and
	     by the rm command to delete plexes belonging to a volume and so
	     on.

     -v	     The -v (“verbose”) option provides more detailed output.

     -V	     The -V (“very verbose”) option provides even more detailed output
	     than -v.

ENVIRONMENT
     EDITOR  The name of the editor to use for editing configuration files, by
	     default vi(1) is invoked.

FILES
     /dev/gvinum       directory with device nodes for gvinum objects

EXAMPLES
     To create a mirror on disks /dev/ad1 and /dev/ad2, create a filesystem,
     mount, unmount and then stop Ic gvinum:

	   gvinum mirror /dev/ad1 /dev/ad2
	   newfs /dev/gvinum/gvinumvolume0
	   mount /dev/gvinum/gvinumvolume0 /mnt
	   ...
	   unmount /mnt
	   gvinum stop

     To create a striped mirror on disks /dev/ad1 /dev/ad2 /dev/ad3 and
     /dev/ad4 named "data" and create a filesystem:

	   gvinum mirror -s -n data /dev/ad1 /dev/ad2 /dev/ad3 /dev/ad4
	   newfs /dev/gvinum/data

     To create a raid5 array on disks /dev/ad1 /dev/ad2 and /dev/ad3, with
     stripesize 493k you can use the raid5 command:

	   gvinum raid5 -s 493k /dev/ad1 /dev/ad2 /dev/ad3

     Then the volume will be created automatically.  Afterwards, you have to
     initialize the volume:

	   gvinum start myraid5vol

     The initialization will start, and the states will be updated when it's
     finished.	The list command will give you information about its progress.

     Imagine that one of the drives fails, and the output of 'printconfig'
     looks something like this:

	   drive gvinumdrive1 device /dev/ad2
	   drive gvinumdrive2 device /dev/???
	   drive gvinumdrive0 device /dev/ad1
	   volume myraid5vol
	   plex name myraid5vol.p0 org raid5 986s vol myraid5vol
	   sd name myraid5vol.p0.s2 drive gvinumdrive2 len 32538s driveoffset
	   265s
	   plex myraid5vol.p0 plexoffset 1972s
	   sd name myraid5vol.p0.s1 drive gvinumdrive1 len 32538s driveoffset
	   265s
	   plex myraid5vol.p0 plexoffset 986s
	   sd name myraid5vol.p0.s0 drive gvinumdrive0 len 32538s driveoffset
	   265s
	   plex myraid5vol.p0 plexoffset 0s

     Create a new drive with this configuration:

	   drive gdrive4 device /dev/ad4

     Then move the stale subdisk to the new drive:

	   gvinum move gdrive4 myraid5vol.p0.s2

     Then, initiate the rebuild:

	   gvinum start myraid5vol.p0

     The plex will go up form degraded mode after the rebuild is finished.
     The plex can still be used while the rebuild is in progress, although
     requests might be delayed.

     Given the configuration as in the previous example, growing a RAID-5 or
     STRIPED array is accomplished by using the grow command:

	   gvinum grow myraid5vol.p0 /dev/ad4

     If everything went ok, the plex state should now be set to growable.  You
     can then start the growing with the start command:

	   gvinum start myraid5vol.p0

     As with rebuilding, you can watch the progress using the list command.

     For a more advanced usage and detailed explanation of gvinum, the hand‐
     book is recommended.

SEE ALSO
     geom(4), geom(8)

HISTORY
     The gvinum utility first appeared in FreeBSD 5.3.	The vinum utility, on
     which gvinum is based, was written by Greg Lehey.

     The gvinum utility was written by Lukas Ertl.  The move and rename com‐
     mands and documentation were added by Chris Jones through the 2005 Google
     Summer of Code program.  a partial rewrite of gvinum was done by Lukas
     Ertl and Ulf Lilleengen through the 2007 Google Summer of Code program.
     The documentation have been updated to reflect the new functionality.

AUTHORS
     Lukas Ertl ⟨le@FreeBSD.org⟩
     Chris Jones ⟨soc-cjones@FreeBSD.org⟩
     Ulf Lilleengen ⟨lulf@FreeBSD.org⟩

BUGS
     Currently, gvinum does not rename devices in /dev/gvinum until reloaded.

     The -S initsize flag to start is ignored.

     Moving subdisks that are not part of a mirrored or RAID-5 volume will
     destroy data.  It is perhaps a bug to permit this.

     Plexes in which subdisks have been moved do not automatically sync or
     rebuild parity.  This may leave data unprotected and is perhaps unwise.

     Currently, gvinum does not yet fully implement all of the functions found
     in vinum(4).  Specifically, the following commands from vinum(4) are not
     supported:

     debug   Cause the volume manager to enter the kernel debugger.

     debug flags
	     Set debugging flags.

     dumpconfig [drive ...]
	     List the configuration information stored on the specified
	     drives, or all drives in the system if no drive names are speci‐
	     fied.

     info [-vV]
	     List information about volume manager state.

     label volume
	     Create a volume label.

     resetstats [-r] [volume | plex | subdisk]
	     Reset statistics counters for the specified objects, or for all
	     objects if none are specified.

     setdaemon [value]
	     Set daemon configuration.

BSD				April 10, 2009				   BSD
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