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GROFF_MM(7)							   GROFF_MM(7)

NAME
       groff_mm - groff mm macros

SYNOPSIS
       groff -mm [ options... ] [ files... ]

DESCRIPTION
       The  groff  mm  macros  are  intended  to be compatible with the DWB mm
       macros with the following limitations:

       ·      No Bell Labs localisms are implemented.

       ·      The macros OK and PM are not implemented.

       ·      groff mm does not support cut marks.

       mm is intended to support easy localization.  Use mmse  as  an  example
       how  to	adapt  the  output  format  to a national standard.  Localized
       strings	      are	 collected	   in	      the	  file
       `/usr/share/groff/1.20.1/tmac/xx.tmac', where xx denotes the two-letter
       code for the language,  as  defined  in	the  ISO  639  standard.   For
       Swedish, this is `sv.tmac' – not `se', which is the ISO 3166 two-letter
       code for the country (as used for the output format localization).

       A file called locale or country_locale is read after the initialization
       of  the	global	variables.   It	 is therefore possible to localize the
       macros with a different company name and so on.

       In this manual, square brackets are used to show optional arguments.

   Number registers and strings
       Many macros can be controlled by number registers and strings.  A  num‐
       ber register is assigned with the nr command:

	      .nr XXX [±]n [i]

       XXX  is	the  name  of the register, n is the value to be assigned, and
       i is the increment value for auto-increment.  n	can  have  a  plus  or
       minus  sign  as	a  prefix  if an increment or decrement of the current
       value is wanted.	 (Auto-increment or auto-decrement occurs if the  num‐
       ber register is used with a plus or minus sign, \n+[XXX] or \n-[XXX].)

       Strings are defined with ds.

	      .ds YYY string

       The  string is assigned everything to the end of the line, even blanks.
       Initial blanks in  string  should  be  prefixed	with  a	 double-quote.
       (Strings are used in the text as \*[YYY].)

   Special formatting of number registers
       A  number  register is printed with normal digits if no format has been
       given.  Set the format with af:

	      .af R c

       R is the name of the register, c is the format.

	      Form   Sequence
	      1	     0, 1, 2, 3, ...
	      001    000, 001, 002, 003, ...

	      i	     0, i, ii, iii, iv, ...
	      I	     0, I, II, III, IV, ...
	      a	     0, a, b, c, ..., z, aa, ab, ...
	      A	     0, A, B, C, ..., Z, AA, AB, ...

   Fonts
       In mm, the fonts (or rather, font styles) R (normal), I	(italic),  and
       B  (bold)  are  hardwired  to font positions 1, 2, and 3, respectively.
       Internally, font positions are used for backwards compatibility.	  From
       a  practical point of view it doesn't make a big difference – a differ‐
       ent font family can still be selected with a call to the	 .fam  request
       or  using  groff's  -f  command line option.  On the other hand, if you
       want to replace just, say, font B, you have  to	replace	 the  font  at
       position 2 (with a call to `.fp 2 ...').

   Macros
       )E level text
	      Add heading text text to the table of contents with level, which
	      is either 0 or in the range 1 to 7.  See also .H.	 This macro is
	      used for customized tables of contents.

       1C [1] Begin  one-column	 processing.   A 1 as an argument disables the
	      page break.  Use wide footnotes, small footnotes	may  be	 over‐
	      printed.

       2C     Begin  two-column	 processing.   Splits the page in two columns.
	      It is a special case of MC.  See also 1C.

       AE     Abstract end, see AS.

       AF [name-of-firm]
	      Author's firm, should be called before AU, see also COVER.

       AL [type [text-indent [1]]]
	      Start auto-increment list.  Items are  numbered  beginning  with
	      one.  The type argument controls the format of numbers.

		     Arg   Description
		     1	   Arabic (the default)
		     A	   Upper-case letters (A-Z)
		     a	   Lower-case letters (a-z)
		     I	   Upper-case roman
		     i	   Lower-case roman

	      text-indent  sets	 the  indentation  and	overrides Li.  A third
	      argument prohibits printing of a blank line before each item.

       APP name text
	      Begin an appendix with name name.	 Automatic  naming  occurs  if
	      name  is "".  The appendices start with A if automatic naming is
	      used.  A new page is ejected, and a header is also  produced  if
	      the  number variable Aph is non-zero.  This is the default.  The
	      appendix always appears in the `List of contents'	 with  correct
	      page numbers.  The name `APPENDIX' can be changed by setting the
	      string App to the desired text.  The string Apptxt contains  the
	      current appendix text.

       APPSK name pages text
	      Same  as	.APP,  but  the page number is incremented with pages.
	      This is used when diagrams or other non-formatted documents  are
	      included as appendices.

       AS [arg [indent]]
	      Abstract	start.	Indentation is specified in `ens', but scaling
	      is  allowed.   Argument  arg  controls  where  the  abstract  is
	      printed.

	      Arg   Placement
	      0	    Abstract  is  printed  on page 1 and on the cover sheet if
		    used in the released-paper style (MT 4), otherwise	it  is
		    printed on page 1 without a cover sheet.
	      1	    Abstract is only printed on the cover sheet (MT 4 only).
	      2	    Abstract is printed only on the cover sheet (other than MT
		    4 only).  The cover sheet is printed without  a  need  for
		    CS.

	      An  abstract  is	not printed at all in external letters (MT 5).
	      The indent parameter controls the indentation of	both  margins,
	      otherwise normal text indentation is used.

       AST [title]
	      Abstract title.  Default is `ABSTRACT'.  Sets the text above the
	      abstract text.

       AT title1 [title2 [...]]
	      Author's title.  AT must appear just after each AU.   The	 title
	      shows up after the name in the signature block.

       AU [name [initials [loc [dept [ext [room [arg [arg [arg]]]]]]]]]
	      Author  information.  Specifies the author of the memo or paper,
	      and is printed on the cover sheet and on other  similar  places.
	      AU  must	not appear before TL.  The author information can con‐
	      tain initials, location, department, telephone  extension,  room
	      number or name and up to three extra arguments.

       AV [name [1]]
	      Approval	signature.   Generates an approval line with place for
	      signature and date.  The string `APPROVED:' can be changed  with
	      variable	Letapp; it is replaced with an empty lin if there is a
	      second argument.	The string `Date' can be changed with variable
	      Letdate.

       AVL [name]
	      Letter signature.	 Generates a line with place for signature.

       B [bold-text [prev-font-text [bold [...]]]]
	      Begin boldface.  No limit on the number of arguments.  All argu‐
	      ments are concatenated to one word; the first, third and	so  on
	      is printed in boldface.

       B1     Begin  box (as the ms macro).  Draws a box around the text.  The
	      text is indented one character, and  the	right  margin  is  one
	      character shorter.

       B2     End box.	Finishes the box started with B1.

       BE     End bottom block, see BS.

       BI [bold-text [italic-text [bold-text [...]]]]
	      Bold-italic.  No limit on the number of arguments, see B.

       BL [text-indent [1]]
	      Start bullet list.  Initializes a list with a bullet and a space
	      in the beginning of each list item (see LI).  text-indent	 over‐
	      rides  the  default  indentation of the list items set by number
	      register Pi.  A third argument prohibits	printing  of  a	 blank
	      line before each item.

       BR [bold-text [roman-text [bold-text [...]]]]
	      Bold-roman.  No limit on the number of arguments.

       BS     Bottom block start.  Begins the definition of a text block which
	      is printed at the bottom of each page.  The block ends with BE.

       BVL text-indent [mark-indent [1]]
	      Start of broken variable-item list.  Broken  variable-item  list
	      has  no fixed mark, it assumes that every LI has a mark instead.
	      The text always begins at the next line after the	 mark.	 text-
	      indent  sets  the	 indentation  to the text, and mark-indent the
	      distance from the current indentation  to	 the  mark.   A	 third
	      argument prohibits printing of a blank line before each item.

       COVER [arg]
	      Begin  a	coversheet  definition.	  It  is important that .COVER
	      appears before any normal text.  This macro uses	arg  to	 build
	      the  filename `/usr/share/groff/1.20.1/tmac/mm/arg.cov'.	There‐
	      fore it is possible to create unlimited types of	cover  sheets.
	      `ms.cov'	is  supposed  to look like the ms cover sheet.	.COVER
	      requires a .COVEND at the end of the cover  definition.	Always
	      use this order of the cover macros:

		     .COVER
		     .TL
		     .AF
		     .AU
		     .AT
		     .AS
		     .AE
		     .COVEND

	      However, only .TL and .AU are required.

       COVEND Finish  the  cover  description and print the cover page.	 It is
	      defined in the cover file.

       DE     Display end.  Ends a block of text or display that  begins  with
	      DS or DF.

       DF [format [fill [rindent]]]
	      Begin floating display (no nesting allowed).  A floating display
	      is saved in a queue and is printed in the order  entered.	  For‐
	      mat, fill, and rindent are the same as in DS.  Floating displays
	      are controlled by the two number registers De and Df.

	      De register

		     0	 Nothing special, this is the default.
		     1	 A page eject occurs after each printed display,  giv‐
			 ing  only  one display per page and no text following
			 it.

	      Df register

		     0	 Displays are printed at the end of each section (when
			 section-page  numbering  is  active) or at the end of
			 the document.
		     1	 A new display is printed on the current page if there
			 is  enough  space, otherwise it is printed at the end
			 of the document.
		     2	 One display is printed at the top  of	each  page  or
			 column (in multi-column mode).
		     3	 Print	one  display  if there is enough space for it,
			 otherwise it is printed at the top of the  next  page
			 or column.
		     4	 Print	as  many displays as possible in a new page or
			 column.  A page break occurs between each display  if
			 De is not zero.

		     5	 Fill  the  current  page  with	 displays and the rest
			 beginning at a new page  or  column.	(This  is  the
			 default.)   A	page break occurs between each display
			 if De is not zero.

       DL [text-indent [1 [1]]]
	      Dash list start.	Begins a list where each item is printed after
	      a dash.  text-indent changes the default indentation of the list
	      items set by number register Pi.	A second argument prevents  an
	      empty  line  between  each list item.  See LI.  A third argument
	      prohibits printing of a blank line before each item.

       DS [format [fill [rindent]]]
	      Static display start.  Begins collection of text until DE.   The
	      text  is	printed together on the same page, unless it is longer
	      than the height of the page.  DS can be nested arbitrarily.

	      format

		     ""	    No indentation.
		     none   No indentation.
		     L	    No indentation.
		     I	    Indent text with the value of number register Si.
		     C	    Center each line.
		     CB	    Center the whole display as a block.
		     R	    Right-adjust the lines.
		     RB	    Right-adjust the whole display as a block.

	      The values `L', `I', `C', and `CB' can also be specified as `0',
	      `1', `2', and `3', respectively, for compatibility reasons.

	      fill

		     ""	    Line-filling turned off.
		     none   Line-filling turned off.
		     N	    Line-filling turned off.
		     F	    Line-filling turned on.

	      `N' and `F' can also be specified as `0' and `1', respectively.

	      By  default,  an empty line is printed before and after the dis‐
	      play.  Setting number register Ds to 0 prevents  this.   rindent
	      shortens the line length by that amount.

       EC [title [override [flag [refname]]]]
	      Equation	title.	 Sets  a  title for an equation.  The override
	      argument changes the numbering.

	      flag

		     none   override is a prefix to the number.
		     0	    override is a prefix to the number.
		     1	    override is a suffix to the number.
		     2	    override replaces the number.

	      EC uses the number register Ec as a counter.  It is possible  to
	      use  .af to change the format of the number.  If number register
	      Of is 1, the format of title uses a dash instead of a dot	 after
	      the number.

	      The  string  Le  controls	 the  title  of the List of Equations;
	      default is `LIST OF EQUATIONS'.  The List of Equations  is  only
	      printed  if  number  register  Le	 is 1.	The default is 0.  The
	      string Liec contains  the	 word  `Equation',  which  is  printed
	      before the number.  If refname is used, then the equation number
	      is saved with .SETR, and can be retrieved with `.GETST refname'.

	      Special handling of the title occurs if EC is used inside DS/DE;
	      it is not affected by the format of DS.

       EF [arg]
	      Even-page	 footer,  printed just above the normal page footer on
	      even pages.  See PF.

	      This macro defines string EOPef.

       EH [arg]
	      Even-page header, printed just below the normal page  header  on
	      even pages.  See PH.

	      This macro defines string TPeh.

       EN     Equation end, see EQ.

       EOP    End-of-page user-defined macro.  This macro is called instead of
	      the normal printing of the footer.  The macro is executed	 in  a
	      separate environment, without any trap active.  See TP.

	      strings available to EOP

	      EOPf    argument of PF
	      EOPef   argument of EF
	      EOPof   argument of OF

       EPIC [-L] width height [name]
	      Draw  a box with the given width and height.  It also prints the
	      text name or a default string if name is not specified.  This is
	      used  to	include	 external  pictures; just give the size of the
	      picture.	-L left-adjusts the picture; the default is to center.
	      See PIC.

       EQ [label]
	      Equation	start.	EQ/EN are the delimiters for equations written
	      for eqn(1).  EQ/EN must be inside of a DS/DE pair, except if  EQ
	      is used to set options for eqn only.  The label argument appears
	      at the right margin of the equation, centered vertically	within
	      the DS/DE block, unless number register Eq is 1.	Then the label
	      appears at the left margin.

	      If there are multiple EQ/EN blocks within a single  DS/DE	 pair,
	      only the last equation label (if any) is printed.

       EX [title [override [flag [refname]]]]
	      Exhibit  title.	The arguments are the same as for EC.  EX uses
	      the number register Ex as a counter.  The string Lx controls the
	      title  of	 the  List of Exhibits; default is `LIST OF EXHIBITS'.
	      The List of Exhibits is only printed if number register Lx is 1,
	      which  is	 the  default.	 The  string  Liex  contains  the word
	      `Exhibit', which is printed before the number.   If  refname  is
	      used,  the  exhibit  number  is  saved  with  .SETR,  and can be
	      retrieved with `.GETST refname'.

	      Special handling of the title occurs if EX is used inside DS/DE;
	      it is not affected by the format of DS.

       FC [closing]
	      Print  `Yours  very  truly,'  as a formal closing of a letter or
	      memorandum.  The argument	 replaces  the	default	 string.   The
	      default is stored in string variable Letfc.

       FD [arg [1]]
	      Footnote	default	 format.   Controls  the hyphenation (hyphen),
	      right margin justification (adjust), and indentation of footnote
	      text  (indent).	It  can	 also  change  the label justification
	      (ljust).

		     arg   hyphen   adjust   indent   ljust
		     0	   no	    yes	     yes      left
		     1	   yes	    yes	     yes      left
		     2	   no	    no	     yes      left
		     3	   yes	    no	     yes      left
		     4	   no	    yes	     no	      left
		     5	   yes	    yes	     no	      left
		     6	   no	    no	     no	      left
		     7	   yes	    no	     no	      left
		     8	   no	    yes	     yes      right
		     9	   yes	    yes	     yes      right
		     10	   no	    no	     yes      right
		     11	   yes	    no	     yes      right

	      An argument greater  than	 or  equal  to	11  is	considered  as
	      value 0.	Default for mm is 10.

       FE     Footnote end.

       FG [title [override [flag [refname]]]]
	      Figure  title.   The  arguments are the same as for EC.  FG uses
	      the number register Fg as a counter.  The string Lf controls the
	      title of the List of Figures; default is `LIST OF FIGURES'.  The
	      List of Figures is only printed if  number  register  Lf	is  1,
	      which  is	 the default.  The string Lifg contains the word `Fig‐
	      ure', which is printed before the number.	 If refname  is	 used,
	      then the figure number is saved with .SETR, and can be retrieved
	      with `.GETST refname'.

	      Special handling of the title occurs if FG is used inside DS/DE,
	      it is not affected by the format of DS.

       FS [label]
	      Footnote start.  The footnote is ended by FE.  By default, foot‐
	      notes are automatically numbered; the  number  is	 available  in
	      string  F.   Just	 add  \*F in the text.	By adding label, it is
	      possible to have other number or names on the footnotes.	 Foot‐
	      notes  in	 displays  are	now possible.  An empty line separates
	      footnotes; the height of the line is controlled by number regis‐
	      ter Fs, default value is 1.

       GETHN refname [varname]
	      Include the header number where the corresponding `SETR refname'
	      was placed.  This is displayed  as  `X.X.X.'  in	pass  1.   See
	      INITR.   If varname is used, GETHN sets the string variable var‐
	      name to the header number.

       GETPN refname [varname]
	      Include the page number where the corresponding  `SETR  refname'
	      was  placed.  This is displayed as `9999' in pass 1.  See INITR.
	      If varname is used, GETPN sets the stringvariable varname to the
	      page number.

       GETR refname
	      Combine  GETHN  and  GETPN with the text `chapter' and `, page'.
	      The string Qrf contains the text for the reference:

		     .ds Qrf See chapter \\*[Qrfh], page \\*[Qrfp].

	      Qrf may be changed to support other languages.  Strings Qrfh and
	      Qrfp  are	 set  by  GETR and contain the page and header number,
	      respectively.

       GETST refname [varname]
	      Include the string saved with  the  second  argument  to	.SETR.
	      This  is	a  dummy  string in pass 1.  If varname is used, GETST
	      sets it to the saved string.  See INITR.

       H level [heading-text [heading-suffix]]
	      Numbered section heading.	 Section  headers  can	have  a	 level
	      between  1  and 14; level 1 is the top level.  The text is given
	      in heading-text, and must be surrounded by double quotes	if  it
	      contains	spaces.	  heading-suffix is added to the header in the
	      text but not in the table of contents.  This  is	normally  used
	      for  footnote  marks and similar things.	Don't use \*F in head‐
	      ing-suffix, it doesn't work.  A manual label must be  used,  see
	      FS.

	      A	 call  to  the	paragraph macro P directly after H is ignored.
	      H takes care of spacing and indentation.

	      Page ejection before heading

		     Number register Ej	 controls  page	 ejection  before  the
		     heading.	By default, a level-one heading gets two blank
		     lines before it; higher levels only get one.  A new  page
		     is ejected before each first-level heading if number reg‐
		     ister Ej is 1.  All levels below or equal the value of Ej
		     get a new page.  Default value for Ej is 0.

	      Heading break level

		     A	line  break  occurs  after  the heading if the heading
		     level is less or equal to number  register	 Hb.   Default
		     value is 2.

	      Heading space level

		     A blank line is inserted after the heading if the heading
		     level is less or equal to number  register	 Hs.   Default
		     value is 2.

		     Text follows the heading on the same line if the level is
		     greater than both Hb and Hs.

	      Post-heading indent

		     Indentation of the text after the heading	is  controlled
		     by number register Hi.  Default value is 0.

		     Hi

		     0	 The text is left-justified.
		     1	 Indentation  of  the text follows the value of number
			 register Pt , see P.
		     2	 The text is lined up with the first word of the head‐
			 ing.

		     Centered section headings

			    All	 headings whose level is equal or below number
			    register Hc and also less than or equal to	Hb  or
			    Hs are centerered.

		     Font control of the heading

			    The	 font  of  each heading level is controlled by
			    string HF.	It contains a font number or font name
			    for each level.  Default value is

				   2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

			    (all  headings  in	italic).   This	 could also be
			    written as

				   I I I I I I I I I I I I I I

			    Note   that	  some	 other	 implementations   use
			    3  3  2 2 2 2 2 as the default value.  All omitted
			    values are presumed to have value 1.

		     Point size control

			    String HP controls the point size of each heading,
			    in	the same way as HF controls the font.  A value
			    of 0 selects  the  default	point  size.   Default
			    value is

				   0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

			    Beware  that  only the point size changes, not the
			    vertical size.  The latter can  be	controlled  by
			    the user-specified macros HX and/or HZ.

		     Heading counters

			    Fourteen  number registers named H1 up to H14 con‐
			    tain the counter for each heading level.  The val‐
			    ues are printed using arabic numerals; this can be
			    changed with the macro HM (see below).  All	 marks
			    are	 concatenated before printing.	To avoid this,
			    set number register Ht to 1.  This only prints the
			    current heading counter at each heading.

		     Automatic table of contents

			    All	 headings whose level is equal or below number
			    register Cl are saved to be printed in  the	 table
			    of contents.  Default value is 2.

		     Special control of the heading, user-defined macros

			    The following macros can be defined by the user to
			    get a finer control of vertical spacing, fonts, or
			    other features.  Argument level is the level-argu‐
			    ment to H, but 0 for unnumbered headings (see HU).
			    Argument  rlevel  is  the real level; it is set to
			    number register Hu for unnumbered headings.	 Argu‐
			    ment  heading-text	is  the text argument to H and
			    HU.

			    HX level rlevel heading-text
				   This macro is called just before the print‐
				   ing	of  the heading.  The following regis‐
				   ters are available for HX.	Note  that  HX
				   may alter }0, }2, and ;3.

				   }0 (string)
					  Contains  the	 heading mark plus two
					  spaces if rlevel is non-zero, other‐
					  wise empty.

				   ;0 (register)
					  Contains  the	 position  of the text
					  after the heading.  0 means that the
					  text	should	follow	the heading on
					  the same line, 1 means that  a  line
					  break	 should occur before the text,
					  and 2 means that a blank line should
					  separate the heading and the text.

				   }2 (string)
					  Contains  two	 spaces if register ;0
					  is 0.	 It is used  to	 separate  the
					  heading  from	 the text.  The string
					  is empty if ;0 is non-zero.

				   ;3 (register)
					  Contains the needed space  in	 units
					  after	 the  heading.	Default is 2v.
					  Can be used to  change  things  like
					  numbering   (}0),  vertical  spacing
					  (}2), and the needed space after the
					  heading.

			    HY dlevel rlevel heading-text
				   This	 macro	is  called after size and font
				   calculations and might be  used  to	change
				   indentation.

			    HZ dlevel rlevel heading-text
				   This	 macro is called after the printing of
				   the heading, just before  H	or  HU	exits.
				   Can	be  used  to  change  the  page header
				   according to the section heading.

	      HC [hyphenation-character]
		     Set  hyphenation  character.   Default  value  is	 `\%'.
		     Resets   to  the  default	if  called  without  argument.
		     Hyphenation can be turned off by setting number  register
		     Hy to 0 at the beginning of the file.

	      HM [arg1 [arg2 [... [arg14]]]]
		     Heading  mark  style.   Controls  the type of marking for
		     printing of the heading counters.	Default is 1  for  all
		     levels.

		     Argument

		     1	    Arabic numerals.
		     0001   Arabic numerals with leading zeroes, one or more.
		     A	    upper-case alphabetic
		     a	    lower-case alphabetic
		     I	    upper-case roman numerals
		     i	    lower-case roman numerals
		     ""	    Arabic numerals.

	      HU heading-text
		     Unnumbered	 section  header.   HU	behaves	 like H at the
		     level in number register Hu.  See H.

	      HX dlevel rlevel heading-text
		     User-defined heading exit.	 Called just  before  printing
		     the header.  See H.

	      HY dlevel rlevel heading-text
		     User-defined  heading  exit.  Called just before printing
		     the header.  See H.

	      HZ dlevel rlevel heading-text
		     User-defined heading exit.	 Called	 just  after  printing
		     the header.  See H.

	      I [italic-text [prev-font-text [italic-text [...]]]]
		     Italic.   Changes	the  font  to italic if called without
		     arguments.	 With one argument it sets the word in italic.
		     With  two	arguments  it  concatenates  them and sets the
		     first word in italic and the second in the previous font.
		     There is no limit on the number of argument; all are con‐
		     catenated.

	      IA [addressee-name [title]]
		     Begin specification  of  the  addressee  and  addressee's
		     address  in letter style.	Several names can be specified
		     with empty IA/IE-pairs, but only one address.  See LT.

	      IB [italic-text [bold-text [italic-text [...]]]]
		     Italic-bold.  Even arguments are printed in  italic,  odd
		     in boldface.  See I.

	      IE     End the address specification after IA.

	      INITI type filename [macro]
		     Initialize	 the  new index system and set the filename to
		     collect index lines in with IND.  Argument	 type  selects
		     the  type	of  index:  page number, header marks or both.
		     The default is page numbers.

		     It is also possible to create a macro that is responsible
		     for  formatting  each row; just add the name of the macro
		     as a third argument.  The macro is then called  with  the
		     index as argument(s).

		     type

		     N	 Page numbers
		     H	 Header marks
		     B	 Both  page numbers and header marks, separated with a
			 tab character.

	      INITR filename
		     Initialize the refence macros.  References are written to
		     stderr  and are supposed to be written to `filename.qrf'.
		     Requires two passes with groff; this is handled by a sep‐
		     arate  program  called  mmroff(1).	  This	program exists
		     because groff(1) by default deactivates the unsafe opera‐
		     tions  that  are required by INITR.  The first pass looks
		     for references, and the second one includes them.	 INITR
		     can  be  used  several  times,  but  it is only the first
		     occurrence of INITR that is active.

		     See also SETR, GETPN, and GETHN.

	      IND arg1 [arg2 [...]]
		     Write a line in the index file selected by INITI with all
		     arguments and the page number or header mark separated by
		     tabs.

			    Examples

			    arg1\tpage number
			    arg1\targ2\tpage number
			    arg1\theader mark
			    arg1\tpage number\theader mark

	      INDP   Print the index  by  running  the	command	 specified  by
		     string  variable  Indcmd,	which  has  `sort -t\t' as the
		     default value.  INDP reads the output from the command to
		     form  the	index,	by default in two columns (this can be
		     changed by defining TYIND).  The index  is	 printed  with
		     string  variable  Index  as  header,  default is `INDEX'.
		     One-column processing  is	reactivated  after  the	 list.
		     INDP  calls  the  user-defined  macros  TXIND, TYIND, and
		     TZIND if defined.	TXIND is called	 before	 printing  the
		     string  `INDEX',  TYIND  is  called  instead  of printing
		     `INDEX', and TZIND	 is  called  after  the	 printing  and
		     should take care of restoring to normal operation again.

	      ISODATE [0]
		     Change  the  predefined  date string in DT to ISO-format,
		     this is, `YYYY-MM-DD'.  This can also be done  by	adding
		     -rIso=1  on the command line.  Reverts to old date format
		     if argument is 0.

	      IR [italic-text [roman-text [italic-text [...]]]]
		     Italic-roman.  Even arguments are printed in italic,  odd
		     in roman.	See I.

	      LB text-indent mark-indent pad type [mark [LI-space [LB-space]]]
		     List-begin	 macro.	 This is the common macro used for all
		     lists.  text-indent is the number of spaces to indent the
		     text from the current indentation.

		     pad  and  mark-indent control where to put the mark.  The
		     mark is placed within the mark area, and mark-indent sets
		     the  number  of  spaces  before this area.	 By default it
		     is 0.  The mark area ends where  the  text	 begins.   The
		     start of the text is still controlled by text-indent.

		     The  mark	is  left-justified whitin the mark area if pad
		     is 0.  If pad is greater than 0, mark-indent is  ignored,
		     and  the mark is placed pad spaces before the text.  This
		     right-justifies the mark.

		     If type is 0 the list either has  a  hanging  indentation
		     or, if argument mark is given, the string mark as a mark.

		     If	 type  is  greater  than 0 automatic numbering occurs,
		     using arabic numbers if mark is empty.  mark can then  be
		     any of `1', `A', `a', `I', or `i'.

		     type  selects  one	 of  six  possible ways to display the
		     mark.

		     type

			    1	x.
			    2	x)
			    3	(x)
			    4	[x]
			    5	<x>
			    6	{x}

		     Every item in the list  gets  LI-space  number  of	 blank
		     lines before them.	 Default is 1.

		     LB itself prints LB-space blank lines.  Default is 0.

	      LC [list-level]
		     List-status  clear.   Terminates all current active lists
		     down to list-level, or 0 if no argmuent is	 given.	  This
		     is used by H to clear any active list.

	      LE [1] List  end.	  Terminates  the  current list.  LE outputs a
		     blank line if an argument is given.

	      LI [mark [1|2]]
		     List item preceding every item in a list.	Without	 argu‐
		     ment,  LI	prints the mark determined by the current list
		     type.  By giving LI one argument, it  uses	 that  as  the
		     mark instead.  Two arguments to LI makes mark a prefix to
		     the current mark.	There is no separating	space  between
		     the  prefix  and  the  mark if the second argument is `2'
		     instead of `1'.  This behaviour can also be  achieved  by
		     setting  number  register	Limsp  to zero.	 A zero length
		     mark makes a hanging indentation instead.

		     A blank line is printed before the list item by  default.
		     This  behaviour  can be controlled by number register Ls.
		     Pre-spacing occurs for each list level less than or equal
		     to Ls.  Default value is 99.  There is no nesting limit.

		     The  indentation  can  be changed through number register
		     Li.  Default is 6.

		     All lists begin with a  list  initialization  macro,  LB.
		     There  are,  however, seven predefined list types to make
		     lists easier to use.  They all  call  LB  with  different
		     default values.

			    AL	  Automatically Incremented List
			    ML	  Marked List
			    VL	  Variable-Item List
			    BL	  Bullet List
			    DL	  Dash List
			    RL	  Reference List
			    BVL	  Broken Variable List.

		     These lists are described at other places in this manual.
		     See also LB.

	      LT [arg]
		     Format a letter in one of four different styles depending
		     on the argument.  See also section INTERNALS.

			    Arg	  Style
			    BL	  Blocked.    Date   line,   return   address,
				  writer's address and closing begins  at  the
				  center  of  the line.	 All other lines begin
				  at the left margin.
			    SB	  Semi-blocked.	 Same as blocked, except  that
				  the	first	line  in  every	 paragraph  is
				  indented five spaces.
			    FB	  Full-blocked.	 All lines begin at  the  left
				  margin.
			    SP	  Simplified.	Almost	the  same as the full-
				  blocked style.   Subject  and	 the  writer's
				  identification are printed in all-capital.

	      LO type [arg]
		     Specify  options  in letter (see .LT).  This is a list of
		     the standard options:

			    CN	 Confidential notation.	 Prints `CONFIDENTIAL'
				 on  the second line below the date line.  Any
				 argument replaces `CONFIDENTIAL'.   See  also
				 string variable LetCN.
			    RN	 Reference  notation.	Prints	`In  reference
				 to:' and the argument	two  lines  below  the
				 date line.  See also string variable LetRN.
			    AT	 Attention.  Prints `ATTENTION:' and the argu‐
				 ment below  the  inside  address.   See  also
				 string variable LetAT.
			    SA	 Salutation.  Prints `To Whom It May Concern:'
				 or the argument if it was present.  The salu‐
				 tation	 is printed two lines below the inside
				 address.  See also string variable LetSA.
			    SJ	 Subject line.	Prints the argument as subject
				 prefixed  with `SUBJECT:' two lines below the
				 inside address, except in letter  type	 `SP',
				 where	the  subject is printed in all-capital
				 without any prefix.  See also string variable
				 LetSJ.

	      MC column-size [column-separation]
		     Begin  multiple  columns.	 Return to normal with 1C.  MC
		     creates as many columns as the current line  length  per‐
		     mits.   column-size is the width of each column, and col‐
		     umn-separation is the space between two columns.  Default
		     separation is column-size/15.  See also 1C.

	      ML mark [text-indent [1]]
		     Marked  list  start.  The mark argument is printed before
		     each list item.  text-indent sets the  indent  and	 over‐
		     rides Li.	A third argument prohibits printing of a blank
		     line before each item.

	      MT [arg [addressee]]
		     Memorandum type.  The argument arg is part of a  filename
		     in	  `/usr/share/groff/1.20.1/tmac/mm/*.MT'.   Memorandum
		     types 0 to	 5  are	 supported,  including	type  `string'
		     (which gets internally mapped to type 6).	addressee just
		     sets a variable, used in the AT&T macros.

		     arg

			    0	Normal memorandum, no type printed.
			    1	Memorandum with `MEMORANDUM FOR FILE' printed.
			    2	Memorandum with `PROGRAMMER'S NOTES' printed.
			    3	Memorandum with `ENGINEER'S NOTES' printed.
			    4	Released paper style.
			    5	External letter style.

		     See also COVER/COVEND, a  more  flexible  type  of	 front
		     page.

	      MOVE y-pos [x-pos [line-length]]
		     Move  to  a  position,  setting page offset to x-pos.  If
		     line-length is not given, the difference between  current
		     and  new  page  offset is used.  Use PGFORM without argu‐
		     ments to return to normal.

	      MULB cw1 space1 [cw2 space2 [cw3 ...]]
		     Begin a special multi-column mode.	  All  columns	widths
		     must be specified.	 The space between the columns must be
		     specified also.  The last column does not need any	 space
		     definition.   MULB	 starts a diversion, and MULE ends the
		     diversion and prints the columns.	The unit for the width
		     and  space	 arguments is `n', but MULB accepts all normal
		     unit specifications like `c' and `i'.  MULB operates in a
		     separate environment.

	      MULN   Begin  the	 next  column.	This is the only way to switch
		     the column.

	      MULE   End the multi-column mode and print the columns.

	      nP [type]
		     Print numbered paragraph with header level two.  See .P.

	      NCOL   Force printing  to	 the  next  column.   Don't  use  this
		     together with the MUL* macros, see 2C.

	      NS [arg [1]]
		     Print different types of notations.  The argument selects
		     between the predefined type of notations.	If the	second
		     argument  is  available,  then  the  argument becomes the
		     entire notation.  If the argument doesn't select a prede‐
		     fined type, it is printed as `Copy (arg) to'.  It is pos‐
		     sible to add more	standard  notations,  see  the	string
		     variables Letns and Letnsdef.

			    Arg	   Notation
			    none   Copy To
			    ""	   Copy To
			    1	   Copy To (with att.) to
			    2	   Copy To (without att.) to
			    3	   Att.
			    4	   Atts.
			    5	   Enc.
			    6	   Encs.
			    7	   Under separate cover
			    8	   Letter to

			    9	   Memorandum to
			    10	   Copy (with atts.) to
			    11	   Copy (without atts.) to
			    12	   Abstract Only to
			    13	   Complete Memorandum to
			    14	   CC

	      ND new-date
		     New  date.	  Overrides  the  current  date.   Date is not
		     printed if new-date is an empty string.

	      OF [arg]
		     Odd-page footer, a line printed  just  above  the	normal
		     footer.  See EF and PF.

		     This macro defines string EOPof.

	      OH [arg]
		     Odd-page  header,	a  line	 printed just below the normal
		     header.  See EH and PH.

		     This macro defines string TPoh.

	      OP     Make sure that the following text is printed at  the  top
		     of	 an  odd-numbered page.	 Does not output an empty page
		     if currently at the top of an odd page.

	      P [type]
		     Begin new paragraph.  P without argument  produces	 left-
		     justified	text,  even  the  first line of the paragraph.
		     This is the same as setting type to 0.  If	 the  argument
		     is	 1,  the first line of text following P is indented by
		     the number of spaces in number register Pi, by default 5.

		     Instead of giving an argument to P it is possible to  set
		     the  paragraph type in number register Pt.	 Using 0 and 1
		     is the same as adding that value to  P.   A  value	 of  2
		     indents all paragraphs, except after headings, lists, and
		     displays (this value can't be used as an  argument	 to  P
		     itself).

		     The  space between two paragraphs is controlled by number
		     register Ps, and is 1 by default (one blank line).

	      PGFORM [linelength [pagelength [pageoffset [1]]]]
		     Set line length, page length, and/or page	offset.	  This
		     macro  can	 be  used  for special formatting, like letter
		     heads and other.  It is normally the first command	 in  a
		     file,  though  it	is  not necessary.  PGFORM can be used
		     without arguments to reset everything after a MOVE	 call.
		     A line break is done unless the fourth argument is given.
		     This can be used to avoid the page number	on  the	 first
		     page while setting new width and length.  (It seems as if
		     this macro sometimes doesn't work too well.  Use the com‐
		     mand  line	 arguments to change line length, page length,
		     and page offset instead.)

	      PGNH   No header is printed on the next page.  Used to  get  rid
		     of	 the  header  in letters or other special texts.  This
		     macro must be used before any text to  inhibit  the  page
		     header on the first page.

	      PIC [-L] [-C] [-R] [-I n] filename [width [height]]
		     Include  a	 PostScript  file  in the document.  The macro
		     depends on mmroff(1) and INITR.  The  arguments  -L,  -C,
		     -R,  and  -I n  adjust  the  picture  or  indent it.  The
		     optional width and height can also be given to resize the
		     picture.

	      PE     Picture end.  Ends a picture for pic(@MAN1EXT).

	      PF [arg]
		     Page  footer.  PF sets the line to be printed at the bot‐
		     tom of each page.	Empty by  default.   See  PH  for  the
		     argument specification.

		     This macro defines string EOPf.

	      PH [arg]
		     Page header, a line printed at the top of each page.  The
		     argument should be specified as

			    "'left-part'center-part'right-part'"

		     where left-part, center-part, and right-part are  printed
		     left-justified,  centered,	 and  right justified, respec‐
		     tively.  Within the argument to PH, the character `%'  is
		     changed to the current page number.  The default argument
		     is

			    "''- % -''"

		     which gives the page number between two dashes.

		     This macro defines string TPh.

	      PS     Picture start (from pic).	Begins a picture for pic(1).

	      PX     Page header user-defined exit.  This macro is called just
		     after the printing of the page header in no-space mode.

	      R	     Roman.  Return to roman font, see also I.

	      RB [roman-text [bold-text [roman-text [...]]]]
		     Roman-bold.   Even arguments are printed in roman, odd in
		     boldface.	See I.

	      RD [prompt [diversion [string]]]
		     Read from standard input to diversion and/or string.  The
		     text is saved in a diversion named diversion.  Recall the
		     text by writing the name of the diversion after a dot  on
		     an	 empty	line.	A  string is also defined if string is
		     given.  Diversion and/or prompt can be empty ("").

	      RF     Reference end.  Ends a reference definition  and  returns
		     to normal processing.  See RS.

	      RI [roman-text [italic-text [roman-text [...]]]]
		     Print even arguments in roman, odd in italic.  See I.

	      RL [text-indent[1]]
		     Reference	list  start.  Begins a list where each item is
		     preceded with an automatically incremented number between
		     square  brackets.	text-indent changes the default inden‐
		     tation.

	      RP [arg1 [arg2]]
		     Produce reference page.  This macro can be used if a ref‐
		     erence  page  is wanted somewhere in the document.	 It is
		     not needed if TC is used to produce a table of  contents.
		     The reference page is then printed automatically.

		     The reference counter is not reset if arg1 is 1.

		     arg2 tells RP whether to eject a page or not.

		     arg2

			    0	The  reference	page  is printed on a separate
				page.  This is the default.
			    1	Do not eject page after the list.

			    2	Do not eject page before the list.
			    3	Do not eject page before and after the list.

		     The reference items are separated by a blank line.	  Set‐
		     ting number register Ls to 0 suppresses the line.

		     The  string  Rp  contains the reference page title and is
		     set to `REFERENCES' by default.

	      RS [string-name]
		     Begin an  automatically  numbered	reference  definition.
		     Put  the  string \*(Rf where the reference mark should be
		     and write the reference between RS/RF at  next  new  line
		     after the reference mark.	The reference number is stored
		     in number register :R.  If string-name is given, a string
		     with that name is defined and contains the current refer‐
		     ence mark.	 The string can be  referenced	as  \*[string-
		     name] later in the text.

	      S [size [spacing]]
		     Set  point size and vertical spacing.  If any argument is
		     equal to `P', the previous value is used.	 A  `C'	 means
		     current  value, and `D' the default value.	 If `+' or `-'
		     is used before the value, the  current  value  is	incre‐
		     mented or decremented, respectively.

	      SA [arg]
		     Set  right-margin justification.  Justification is turned
		     on by default.  No argument or value `0' turns off justi‐
		     fication, and `1' turns on justification.

	      SETR refname [string]
		     Remember  the  current header and page number as refname.
		     Saves string if string is defined.	 string	 is  retrieved
		     with .GETST.  See INITR.

	      SG [arg [1]]
		     Signature	line.	Prints	the  authors name(s) after the
		     formal closing.  The argument is appended to  the	refer‐
		     ence  data,  printed  at either the first or last author.
		     The reference data is the location, department, and  ini‐
		     tials  specified  with  .AU.   It is printed at the first
		     author if the second argument is given, otherwise at  the
		     last.   No	 reference data is printed if the author(s) is
		     specified through .WA/.WE.	 See section INTERNALS.

	      SK [pages]
		     Skip pages.  If pages is 0 or omitted, a skip to the next
		     page  occurs  unless  it is already at the top of a page.
		     Otherwise it skips pages pages.

	      SM string1 [string2 [string3]]
		     Make a string smaller.  If string2 is given,  string1  is
		     made  smaller  and string2 stays at normal size, concate‐
		     nated with string1.  With three arguments, everything  is
		     concatenated, but only string2 is made smaller.

	      SP [lines]
		     Space  vertically.	  lines	 can  have any scaling factor,
		     like `3i' or `8v'.	 Several SP calls in a line only  pro‐
		     duces  the	 maximum  number of lines, not the sum.	 SP is
		     ignored also until the first text line in a page.	Add \&
		     before a call to SP to avoid this.

	      TAB    Reset  tabs to every 5n.  Normally used to reset any pre‐
		     vious tab positions.

	      TB [title [override [flag [refname]]]]
		     Table title.  The arguments are the same as for  EC.   TB
		     uses  the number register Tb as a counter.	 The string Lt
		     controls the title of the List of Tables;	default	 value
		     is	 `LIST OF TABLES'.  The List of Tables is only printed
		     if number register Lt is 1, which is  the	default.   The
		     string  Litb  contains the word `TABLE', which is printed
		     before the number.

		     Special handling of the title occurs if TB is used inside
		     DS/DE, it is not affected by the format of DS.

	      TC [slevel [spacing [tlevel [tab [h1 [h2 [h3 [h4 [h5]]]]]]]]]
		     Table  of	contents.   This macro is normally used as the
		     last line of the document.	 It generates a table of  con‐
		     tents  with headings up to the level controlled by number
		     register Cl.  Note that Cl controls the saving  of	 head‐
		     ings,  it	has  nothing  to  do with TC.  Headings with a
		     level less than or equal to slevel get spacing number  of
		     lines  before  them.   Headings with a level less than or
		     equal to tlevel have their page  numbers  right-justified
		     with dots or spaces separating the text and the page num‐
		     ber.  Spaces are used if tab is greater than  zero,  dots
		     otherwise.	  Other headings have the page number directly
		     at the end of the heading text (ragged-right).

		     The rest of the arguments is  printed,  centered,	before
		     the table of contents.

		     The  user-defined	macros	TX  and	 TY  are used if TC is
		     called with at most four arguments.  TX is called	before
		     the  printing  of the string `CONTENTS', and TY is called
		     instead of printing `CONTENTS'.

		     Equivalent macros can be defined  for  list  of  figures,
		     tables,  equations and exhibits by defining TXxx or TYxx,
		     where xx is `Fg', `TB', `EC', or `EX', respectively.

		     String Ci can be set to control the indentations for each
		     heading-level.  It must be scaled, like

			    .ds Ci .25i .5i .75i 1i 1i

		     By	 default, the indentation is controlled by the maximum
		     length of headings in each level.

		     The string variables Lifg, Litb, Liex,  Liec,  and	 Licon
		     contain  `Figure',	 `TABLE',  `Exhibit',  `Equation', and
		     `CONTENTS', respectively.	 These	can  be	 redefined  to
		     other languages.

	      TE     Table end.	 See TS.

	      TH [N] Table  header.  See TS.  TH ends the header of the table.
		     This header is printed again  if  a  page	break  occurs.
		     Argument `N' isn't implemented yet.

	      TL [charging-case-number [filing-case-number]]
		     Begin title of memorandum.	 All text up to the next AU is
		     included in the title.  charging-case-number and  filing-
		     case-number  are saved for use in the front page process‐
		     ing.

	      TM [num1 [num2 [...]]]
		     Technical memorandum numbers used in .MT.	 An  unlimited
		     number of arguments may be given.

	      TP     Top-of-page  user-defined	macro.	 This  macro is called
		     instead of the normal page header.	 It is possible to get
		     complete  control	over the header.  Note that the header
		     and the footer are printed	 in  a	separate  environment.
		     Line length is preserved, though.	See EOP.

		     strings available to TP

		     TPh    argument of PH
		     TPeh   argument of EH
		     TPoh   argument of OH

	      TS [H] Table  start.  This is the start of a table specification
		     to tbl(1).	 TS ends with TE.  Argument `H' tells mm  that
		     the table has a header.  See TH.

	      TX     User-defined  table  of  contents	exit.	This  macro is
		     called just before TC prints the  word  `CONTENTS'.   See
		     TC.

	      TY     User-defined  table  of  contents	exit.	This  macro is
		     called instead of printing `CONTENTS'.  See TC.

	      VERBON [flag [point-size [font]]]
		     Begin verbatim output using Courier  font.	  Usually  for
		     printing programs.	 All characters have equal width.  The
		     point size can be changed with the second	argument.   By
		     specifying a third argument it is possible to use another
		     font instead of Courier.  flag controls  several  special
		     features.	Its value is the sum of all wanted features.

			    Arg	  Description
			    1	  Disable  the	escape character (\).  This is
				  normally turned on during verbose output.
			    2	  Add an empty line before the verbose text.
			    4	  Add an empty line after the verbose text.
			    8	  Print the verbose text with numbered	lines.
				  This	adds  four  digit-sized	 spaces in the
				  beginning of each line.   Finer  control  is
				  available  with  the string variable Verbnm.
				  It contains all arguments  to	 the  troff(1)
				  command .nm, normally `1'.
			    16	  Indent  the  verbose	text by `5n'.  This is
				  controlled by the number-variable Verbin (in
				  units).

	      VERBOFF
		     End verbatim output.

	      VL text-indent [mark-indent [1]]
		     Variable-item  list.   It	has  no fixed mark, it assumes
		     that every LI has a mark instead.	text-indent  sets  the
		     indent to the text, and mark-indent the distance from the
		     current indentation to the mark.  A third	argument  pro‐
		     hibits printing of a blank line before each item.

	      VM [-T] [top [bottom]]
		     Vertical  margin.	 Adds  extra  vertical	top and margin
		     space.  Option -T sets the total space  instead.	If  no
		     argument  is  given,  reset  the  margin  to zero, or the
		     default (`7v 5v') if -T has been used.  It is higly  rec‐
		     ommended  that  macros TP and/or EOP are defined if using
		     -T and setting top and/or bottom margin to less than  the
		     default.

	      WA [writer-name [title]]
		     Begin  specification  of the writer and writer's address.
		     Several names can be specified with  empty	 WA/WE	pairs,
		     but only one address.

	      WE     End the address specification after .WA.

	      WC [format1] [format2] [...]
		     Footnote and display width control.

		     N	   Set	default	 mode  which  is  equal	 to  using the
			   options -WF, -FF, -WD, and FB.
		     WF	   Wide footnotes, wide also in two-column mode.

		     -WF   Normal footnote width, follow column mode.
		     FF	   All footnotes gets the  same	 width	as  the	 first
			   footnote encountered.
		     -FF   Normal footnotes, width follows WF and -WF.
		     WD	   Wide displays, wide also in two-column mode.
		     -WD   Normal display width, follow column mode.
		     FB	   Floating  displays  generates  a  line  break  when
			   printed on the current page.
		     -FB   Floating displays does not generate line break.

   Strings used in mm
       App    A string containing the word `APPENDIX'.

       Apptxt The current appendix text.

       EM     Em dash string

       H1txt  Updated by .H and .HU to the current heading text.  Also updated
	      in table of contents & friends.

       HF     Font list for headings, `2 2 2 2 2 2 2' by default.  Non-numeric
	      font names may also be used.

       HP     Point size list for headings.  By default, this is `0 0 0 0 0  0
	      0' which is the same as `10 10 10 10 10 10 10'.

       Index  Contains the string `INDEX'.

       Indcmd Contains the index command.  Default value is `sort -t\t'.

       Lifg   String containing `Figure'.

       Litb   String containing `TABLE'.

       Liex   String containing `Exhibit'.

       Liec   String containing `Equation'.

       Licon  String containing `CONTENTS'.

       Lf     Contains the string `LIST OF FIGURES'.

       Lt     Contains the string `LIST OF TABLES'.

       Lx     Contains the string `LIST OF EXHIBITS'.

       Le     Contains the string `LIST OF EQUATIONS'.

       Letfc  Contains the string `Yours very truly,', used in .FC.

       Letapp Contains the string `APPROVED:', used in .AV.

       Letdate
	      Contains the string `Date', used in .AV.

       LetCN  Contains the string `CONFIDENTIAL', used in .LO CN.

       LetSA  Contains the string `To Whom It May Concern:', used in .LO SA.

       LetAT  Contains the string `ATTENTION:', used in .LO AT.

       LetSJ  Contains the string `SUBJECT:', used in .LO SJ.

       LetRN  Contains the string `In reference to:', used in .LO RN.

       Letns  is an array containing the different strings used in .NS.	 It is
	      really a number of string variables prefixed  with  Letns!.   If
	      the  argument  doesn't  exist,  it  is  included between () with
	      Letns!copy as a prefix and Letns!to as a	suffix.	  Observe  the
	      space after `Copy' and before `to'.

		     Name	  Value
		     Letns!0	  Copy to
		     Letns!1	  Copy (with att.) to
		     Letns!2	  Copy (without att.) to
		     Letns!3	  Att.
		     Letns!4	  Atts.
		     Letns!5	  Enc.
		     Letns!6	  Encs.
		     Letns!7	  Under separate cover
		     Letns!8	  Letter to
		     Letns!9	  Memorandum to
		     Letns!10	  Copy (with atts.) to
		     Letns!11	  Copy (without atts.) to
		     Letns!12	  Abstract Only to
		     Letns!13	  Complete Memorandum to
		     Letns!14	  CC
		     Letns!copy	  Copy \"
		     Letns!to	  " to

       Letnsdef
	      Define  the  standard notation used when no argument is given to
	      .NS.  Default is 0.

       MO1 - MO12
	      Strings containing the month names `January' through `December'.

       Qrf    String containing `See chapter \\*[Qrfh], page \\n[Qrfp].'.

       Rp     Contains the string `REFERENCES'.

       Tcst   Contains the current status of the table of contents and list of
	      figures,	etc.   Empty  outside  of .TC.	Useful in user-defined
	      macros like .TP.

		     Value   Meaning
		     co	     Table of contents
		     fg	     List of figures
		     tb	     List of tables
		     ec	     List of equations
		     ex	     List of exhibits
		     ap	     Appendix

       Tm     Contains the string `\(tm', the trade mark symbol.

       Verbnm Argument to .nm in the .VERBON command.  Default is 1.

   Number variables used in mm
       Aph    Print an appendix page for every new appendix   if  this	number
	      variable	is  non-zero.	No  output  occurs if Aph is zero, but
	      there is always an appendix entry in the `List of contents'.

       Cl     Contents level (in the range 0 to 14).  The contents is saved if
	      a	 heading  level	 is  lower  than  or equal to the value of Cl.
	      Default is 2.

       Cp     Eject page between list of table, list of figure, etc.,  if  the
	      value of Cp is zero.  Default is 0.

       D      Debug  flag.  Values greater than zero produce debug information
	      of increasing verbosity.	A value of 1 gives  information	 about
	      the progress of formatting.  Default is 0.

       De     If  set  to  1, eject after floating display is output.  Default
	      is 0.

       Dsp    If defined, it controls the space output before and after static
	      displays.	 Otherwise the value of Lsp is used.

       Df     Control  floating	 keep output.  This is a number in the range 0
	      to 5, with a default value of 5.	See .DF.

       Ds     If set to 1, use the amount of  space  stored  in	 register  Lsp
	      before and after display.	 Default is 1.

       Ej     If  set  to  1,  eject  page  before  each  first-level heading.
	      Default is 0.

       Eq     Equation labels are left-adjusted if set to 0 and right-adjusted
	      if set to 1.  Default is 0.

       Fs     Footnote spacing.	 Default is 1.

       H1 - H7
	      Heading counters

       H1dot  Append  a	 dot  after  the  level-one heading number if value is
	      greater than zero.  Default is 1.

       H1h    A copy of number register H1, but it is incremented just	before
	      the page break.  Useful in user-defined header macros.

       Hb     Heading  break  level.   A  number  in the range 0 to 14, with a
	      default value of 2.  See .H.

       Hc     Heading centering level.	A number in the range 0 to 14, with  a
	      default value value of 0.	 See .H.

       Hi     Heading  temporary indent.  A number in the range 0 to 2, with a
	      default value of 1.

		     0	 no indentation, left margin
		     1	 indent to the right, similar to `.P 1'
		     2	 indent to line up with text part of preceding heading

       Hps    Heading pre-space level.	If the heading level is less  than  or
	      equal  to	 Hps, two lines precede the section heading instead of
	      one.  Default is first level only.  The real amount of lines  is
	      controlled by the variables Hps1 and Hps2.

       Hps1   Number  of  lines	 preceding  .H if the heading level is greater
	      than Hps.	 Value is in units, default is 0.5.

       Hps2   Number of lines preceding .H if the heading level is  less  than
	      or equal to Hps.	Value is in units, default is 1.

       Hs     Heading  space  level.   A  number  in the range 0 to 14, with a
	      default value of 2.  See .H.

       Hss    Number of lines following .H if the heading level is  less  than
	      or equal to Hs.  Value is in units, default is 1.

       Ht     Heading numbering type.

		     0	 multiple levels (1.1.1, 1.1.2, etc.)
		     1	 single level

	      Default is 0.

       Hu     Unnumbered heading level.	 Default is 2.

       Hy     Hyphenation status of text body.

		     0	 no hyphenation
		     1	 hyphenation on, set to value 14

	      Default is 0.

       Iso    Set this variable to 1 on the command line to get an ISO-format‐
	      ted date string (-rIso=1).  Useless inside of a document.

       L      Page length, only for command line settings.

       Letwam Maximum lines  in	 return-address,  used	in  .WA/.WE.   Default
	      is 14.

       Lf, Lt, Lx, Le
	      Enable  (1) or disable (0) the printing of List of figures, List
	      of tables, List of exhibits and List of equations, respectively.
	      Default values are Lf=1, Lt=1, Lx=1, and Le=0.

       Li     List indentation, used by .AL.  Default is 6.

       Limsp  A	 flag  controlling  the	 insertion of space between prefix and
	      mark in automatic lists (.AL).

		     0	 no space
		     1	 emit space

       Ls     List space threshold.  If current list level is greater than  Ls
	      no spacing occurs around lists.  Default is 99.

       Lsp    The  vertical  space used by an empty line.  The default is 0.5v
	      in troff mode and 1v in nroff mode.

       N      Page numbering style.

		     0	 normal header for all pages.
		     1	 header replaces  footer  on  first  page,  header  is
			 empty.
		     2	 page header is removed on the first page.
		     3	 `section-page' numbering style enabled.
		     4	 page header is removed on the first page.
		     5	 `section-page'	 and  `section-figure' numbering style
			 enabled.

	      Default is 0.  See also the number registers Sectf and Sectp.

       Np     A flag to control whether paragraphs are numbered.

		     0	 not numbered
		     1	 numbered in first-level headings.

	      Default is 0.

       O      Page offset, only for command line settings.

       Of     Format of figure, table, exhibit, and equation titles.

		     0	 ". "
		     1	 " - "

	      Default is 0.

       P      Current page-number, normally the same as `%'  unless  `section-
	      page' numbering style is enabled.

       Pi     Paragraph indentation.  Default is 5.

       Pgps   A	 flag  to  control whether header and footer point size should
	      follow the current settings or just change when the  header  and
	      footer are defined.

		     0	 Point	size  only changes to the current setting when
			 .PH, .PF, .OH, .EH, .OF, or .OE is executed.
		     1	 Point size changes  after  every  .S.	 This  is  the
			 default.

       Ps     Paragraph spacing.  Default is 1.

       Pt     Paragraph type.

		     0	 left-justified

		     1	 indented paragraphs
		     2	 indented paragraphs except after .H, .DE, or .LE.

	      Default is 0.

       Sectf  A	 flag  controlling  `section-figures' numbering style.	A non-
	      zero value enables this.	See also register N.

       Sectp  A flag controlling `section-page' numbering style.   A  non-zero
	      value enables this.  See also register N.

       Si     Display indentation.  Default is 5.

       Verbin Indentation for .VERBON.	Default is 5n.

       W      Line length, only for command line settings.

       .mgm   Always 1.

INTERNALS
       The letter macros are using different submacros depending on the letter
       type.  The name of the submacro has the letter type as suffix.	It  is
       therefore possible to define other letter types, either in the national
       macro-file, or as local additions.  .LT sets the	 number	 variables  Pt
       and Pi to 0 and 5, respectively.	 The following strings and macros must
       be defined for a new letter type.

       let@init_type
	      This macro is called directly by .LT.  It is  supposed  to  ini‐
	      tialize variables and other stuff.

       let@head_type
	      This  macro prints the letter head, and is called instead of the
	      normal  page  header.   It  is  supposed	to  remove  the	 alias
	      let@header, otherwise it is called for all pages.

       let@sg_type name title n flag [arg1 [arg2 [...]]]
	      .SG is calling this macro only for letters; memorandums have its
	      own processing.  name and title are specified  through  .WA/.WB.
	      n	 is  the  counter,  1-max, and flag is true for the last name.
	      Any other argument to .SG is appended.

       let@fc_type closing
	      This macro is called by .FC, and has the formal closing  as  the
	      argument.

       .LO is implemented as a general option-macro.  It demands that a string
       named Lettype is defined, where type is	the  letter  type.   .LO  then
       assigns the argument to the string variable let*lo-type.

AUTHOR
       J�rgen H�gg, Lund, Sweden <jh@axis.se>.

FILES
       /usr/share/groff/1.20.1/tmac/m.tmac

       /usr/share/groff/1.20.1/tmac/mm/*.cov

       /usr/share/groff/1.20.1/tmac/mm/*.MT

       /usr/share/groff/1.20.1/tmac/mm/locale

SEE ALSO
       groff(1), troff(1), tbl(1), pic(1), eqn(1)
       groff_mmse(7)

Groff Version 1.20.1		9 January 2009			   GROFF_MM(7)
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