APR::Error man page on Mandriva

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docs::api::APR::Error(User Contributed Perl Documentatdocs::api::APR::Error(3)

NAME
       APR::Error - Perl API for APR/Apache/mod_perl exceptions

Synopsis
	 eval { $obj->mp_method() };
	 if ($@ && $ref $@ eq 'APR::Error' && $@ == $some_code) {
	     # handle the exception
	 }
	 else {
	     die $@; # rethrow it
	 }

Description
       "APR::Error" handles APR/Apache/mod_perl exceptions for you, while
       leaving you in control.

       Apache and APR API return a status code for almost all methods, so if
       you didn't check the return code and handled any possible problems, you
       may have silent failures which may cause all kind of obscure problems.
       On the other hand checking the status code after each call is just too
       much of a kludge and makes quick prototyping/development almost
       impossible, not talking about the code readability. Having methods
       return status codes, also complicates the API if you need to return
       other values.

       Therefore to keep things nice and make the API readable we decided to
       not return status codes, but instead throw exceptions with "APR::Error"
       objects for each method that fails. If you don't catch those
       exceptions, everything works transparently - perl will intercept the
       exception object and "die()" with a proper error message. So you get
       all the errors logged without doing any work.

       Now, in certain cases you don't want to just die, but instead the error
       needs to be trapped and handled. For example if some IO operation times
       out, may be it is OK to trap that and try again. If we were to die with
       an error message, you would have had to match the error message, which
       is ugly, inefficient and may not work at all if locale error strings
       are involved. Therefore you need to be able to get the original status
       code that Apache or APR has generated. And the exception objects give
       you that if you want to. Moreover the objects contain additional
       information, such as the function name (in case you were eval'ing
       several commands in one block), file and line number where that
       function was invoked from. More attributes could be added in the
       future.

       "APR::Error" uses Perl operator overloading, such that in boolean and
       numerical contexts, the object returns the status code; in the string
       context the full error message is returned.

       When intercepting exceptions you need to check whether $@ is an object
       (reference). If your application uses other exception objects you
       additionally need to check whether this is a an "APR::Error" object.
       Therefore most of the time this is enough:

	 eval { $obj->mp_method() };
	 if ($@ && $ref $@ && $@ == $some_code)
	     warn "handled exception: $@";
	 }

       But with other, non-mod_perl, exception objects you need to do:

	 eval { $obj->mp_method() };
	 if ($@ && $ref $@ eq 'APR::Error' && $@ == $some_code)
	     warn "handled exception: $@";
	 }

       In theory you could even do:

	 eval { $obj->mp_method() };
	 if ($@ && $@ == $some_code)
	     warn "handled exception: $@";
	 }

       but it's possible that the method will die with a plain string and not
       an object, in which case "$@ == $some_code" won't quite work. Remember
       that mod_perl throws exception objects only when Apache and APR fail,
       and in a few other special cases of its own (like "exit").

	 warn "handled exception: $@" if $@ && $ref $@;

       There are two ways to figure out whether an error fits your case. In
       most cases you just compare $@ with an the error constant. For example
       if a socket has a timeout set and the data wasn't read within the
       timeout limit a "APR::Const::TIMEUP")

	 use APR::Const -compile => qw(TIMEUP);
	 $sock->timeout_set(1_000_000); # 1 sec
	 my $buff;
	 eval { $sock->recv($buff, BUFF_LEN) };
	 if ($@ && ref $@ && $@ == APR::Const::TIMEUP) {

	 }

       However there are situations, where on different Operating Systems a
       different error code will be returned. In which case to simplify the
       code you should use the special subroutines provided by the
       "APR::Status" class. One such condition is socket "recv()" timeout,
       which on Unix throws the "EAGAIN" error, but on other system it throws
       a different error. In this case "APR::Status::is_EAGAIN" should be
       used.

       Let's look at a complete example. Here is a code that performs a socket
       read:

	 my $rlen = $sock->recv(my $buff, 1024);
	 warn "read $rlen bytes\n";

       and in certain cases it times out. The code will die and log the reason
       for the failure, which is fine, but later on you may decide that you
       want to have another attempt to read before dying and add some fine
       grained sleep time between attempts, which can be achieved with
       "select". Which gives us:

	 use APR::Status ();
	 # ....
	 my $tries = 0;
	 my $buffer;
	 RETRY: my $rlen = eval { $sock->recv($buffer, SIZE) };
	 if ($@)
	     die $@ unless ref $@ && APR::Status::is_EAGAIN($@);
	     if ($tries++ < 3) {
		 # sleep 250msec
		 select undef, undef, undef, 0.25;
		 goto RETRY;
	     }
	     else {
		 # do something else
	     }
	 }
	 warn "read $rlen bytes\n"

       Notice that we handle non-object and non-"APR::Error" exceptions as
       well, by simply re-throwing them.

       Finally, the class is called "APR::Error" because it needs to be used
       outside mod_perl as well, when called from "APR" applications written
       in Perl.

API
   "cluck"
       "cluck" is an equivalent of "Carp::cluck" that works with "APR::Error"
       exception objects.

   "confess"
       "confess" is an equivalent of "Carp::confess" that works with
       "APR::Error" exception objects.

   "strerror"
       Convert APR error code to its string representation.

	 $error_str = APR::Error::strerror($rc);

       ret: $rc ( "APR::Const status constant" )
	   The numerical value for the return (error) code

       ret: $error_str ( string )
	   The string error message corresponding to the numerical value
	   inside $rc.	(Similar to the C function strerror(3))

       since: 2.0.00

       Example:

       Try to retrieve the bucket brigade, and if the return value doesn't
       indicate success or end of file (usually in protocol handlers) die, but
       give the user the human-readable version of the error and not just the
       code.

	 my $rc = $c->input_filters->get_brigade($bb_in,
						 Apache2::Const::MODE_GETLINE);
	 if ($rc != APR::Const::SUCCESS && $rc != APR::Const::EOF) {
	     my $error = APR::Error::strerror($rc);
	     die "get_brigade error: $rc: $error\n";
	 }

       It's probably a good idea not to omit the numerical value in the error
       message, in case the error string is generated with non-English locale.

See Also
       mod_perl 2.0 documentation.

Copyright
       mod_perl 2.0 and its core modules are copyrighted under The Apache
       Software License, Version 2.0.

Authors
       The mod_perl development team and numerous contributors.

perl v5.10.1			  2007-11-12	      docs::api::APR::Error(3)
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