SSL_CTX_set_options(3) OpenSSL SSL_CTX_set_options(3)NAME
SSL_CTX_set_options, SSL_set_options, SSL_CTX_clear_options,
SSL_clear_options, SSL_CTX_get_options, SSL_get_options,
SSL_get_secure_renegotiation_support - manipulate SSL options
SYNOPSIS
#include <openssl/ssl.h>
long SSL_CTX_set_options(SSL_CTX *ctx, long options);
long SSL_set_options(SSL *ssl, long options);
long SSL_CTX_clear_options(SSL_CTX *ctx, long options);
long SSL_clear_options(SSL *ssl, long options);
long SSL_CTX_get_options(SSL_CTX *ctx);
long SSL_get_options(SSL *ssl);
long SSL_get_secure_renegotiation_support(SSL *ssl);
DESCRIPTION
Note: all these functions are implemented using macros.
SSL_CTX_set_options() adds the options set via bitmask in options to
ctx. Options already set before are not cleared!
SSL_set_options() adds the options set via bitmask in options to ssl.
Options already set before are not cleared!
SSL_CTX_clear_options() clears the options set via bitmask in options
to ctx.
SSL_clear_options() clears the options set via bitmask in options to
ssl.
SSL_CTX_get_options() returns the options set for ctx.
SSL_get_options() returns the options set for ssl.
SSL_get_secure_renegotiation_support() indicates whether the peer
supports secure renegotiation.
NOTES
The behaviour of the SSL library can be changed by setting several
options. The options are coded as bitmasks and can be combined by a
logical or operation (|).
SSL_CTX_set_options() and SSL_set_options() affect the (external)
protocol behaviour of the SSL library. The (internal) behaviour of the
API can be changed by using the similar SSL_CTX_set_mode(3) and
SSL_set_mode() functions.
During a handshake, the option settings of the SSL object are used.
When a new SSL object is created from a context using SSL_new(), the
current option setting is copied. Changes to ctx do not affect already
created SSL objects. SSL_clear() does not affect the settings.
The following bug workaround options are available:
SSL_OP_MICROSOFT_SESS_ID_BUG
www.microsoft.com - when talking SSLv2, if session-id reuse is
performed, the session-id passed back in the server-finished
message is different from the one decided upon.
SSL_OP_NETSCAPE_CHALLENGE_BUG
Netscape-Commerce/1.12, when talking SSLv2, accepts a 32 byte
challenge but then appears to only use 16 bytes when generating the
encryption keys. Using 16 bytes is ok but it should be ok to use
32. According to the SSLv3 spec, one should use 32 bytes for the
challenge when operating in SSLv2/v3 compatibility mode, but as
mentioned above, this breaks this server so 16 bytes is the way to
go.
SSL_OP_NETSCAPE_REUSE_CIPHER_CHANGE_BUG
As of OpenSSL 0.9.8q and 1.0.0c, this option has no effect.
SSL_OP_SSLREF2_REUSE_CERT_TYPE_BUG
...
SSL_OP_MICROSOFT_BIG_SSLV3_BUFFER
...
SSL_OP_MSIE_SSLV2_RSA_PADDING
As of OpenSSL 0.9.7h and 0.9.8a, this option has no effect.
SSL_OP_SSLEAY_080_CLIENT_DH_BUG
...
SSL_OP_TLS_D5_BUG
...
SSL_OP_TLS_BLOCK_PADDING_BUG
...
SSL_OP_DONT_INSERT_EMPTY_FRAGMENTS
Disables a countermeasure against a SSL 3.0/TLS 1.0 protocol
vulnerability affecting CBC ciphers, which cannot be handled by
some broken SSL implementations. This option has no effect for
connections using other ciphers.
SSL_OP_ALL
All of the above bug workarounds.
It is usually safe to use SSL_OP_ALL to enable the bug workaround
options if compatibility with somewhat broken implementations is
desired.
The following modifying options are available:
SSL_OP_TLS_ROLLBACK_BUG
Disable version rollback attack detection.
During the client key exchange, the client must send the same
information about acceptable SSL/TLS protocol levels as during the
first hello. Some clients violate this rule by adapting to the
server's answer. (Example: the client sends a SSLv2 hello and
accepts up to SSLv3.1=TLSv1, the server only understands up to
SSLv3. In this case the client must still use the same
SSLv3.1=TLSv1 announcement. Some clients step down to SSLv3 with
respect to the server's answer and violate the version rollback
protection.)
SSL_OP_SINGLE_DH_USE
Always create a new key when using temporary/ephemeral DH
parameters (see SSL_CTX_set_tmp_dh_callback(3)). This option must
be used to prevent small subgroup attacks, when the DH parameters
were not generated using "strong" primes (e.g. when using DSA-
parameters, see dhparam(1)). If "strong" primes were used, it is
not strictly necessary to generate a new DH key during each
handshake but it is also recommended. SSL_OP_SINGLE_DH_USE should
therefore be enabled whenever temporary/ephemeral DH parameters are
used.
SSL_OP_EPHEMERAL_RSA
Always use ephemeral (temporary) RSA key when doing RSA operations
(see SSL_CTX_set_tmp_rsa_callback(3)). According to the
specifications this is only done, when a RSA key can only be used
for signature operations (namely under export ciphers with
restricted RSA keylength). By setting this option, ephemeral RSA
keys are always used. This option breaks compatibility with the
SSL/TLS specifications and may lead to interoperability problems
with clients and should therefore never be used. Ciphers with EDH
(ephemeral Diffie-Hellman) key exchange should be used instead.
SSL_OP_CIPHER_SERVER_PREFERENCE
When choosing a cipher, use the server's preferences instead of the
client preferences. When not set, the SSL server will always follow
the clients preferences. When set, the SSLv3/TLSv1 server will
choose following its own preferences. Because of the different
protocol, for SSLv2 the server will send its list of preferences to
the client and the client chooses.
SSL_OP_PKCS1_CHECK_1
...
SSL_OP_PKCS1_CHECK_2
...
SSL_OP_NETSCAPE_CA_DN_BUG
If we accept a netscape connection, demand a client cert, have a
non-self-signed CA which does not have its CA in netscape, and the
browser has a cert, it will crash/hang. Works for 3.x and 4.xbeta
SSL_OP_NETSCAPE_DEMO_CIPHER_CHANGE_BUG
...
SSL_OP_NO_SSLv2
Do not use the SSLv2 protocol.
SSL_OP_NO_SSLv3
Do not use the SSLv3 protocol.
SSL_OP_NO_TLSv1
Do not use the TLSv1 protocol.
SSL_OP_NO_SESSION_RESUMPTION_ON_RENEGOTIATION
When performing renegotiation as a server, always start a new
session (i.e., session resumption requests are only accepted in the
initial handshake). This option is not needed for clients.
SSL_OP_NO_TICKET
Normally clients and servers will, where possible, transparently
make use of RFC4507bis tickets for stateless session resumption.
If this option is set this functionality is disabled and tickets
will not be used by clients or servers.
SSL_OP_ALLOW_UNSAFE_LEGACY_RENEGOTIATION
Allow legacy insecure renegotiation between OpenSSL and unpatched
clients or servers. See the SECURE RENEGOTIATION section for more
details.
SSL_OP_LEGACY_SERVER_CONNECT
Allow legacy insecure renegotiation between OpenSSL and unpatched
servers only: this option is currently set by default. See the
SECURE RENEGOTIATION section for more details.
SECURE RENEGOTIATION
OpenSSL 0.9.8m and later always attempts to use secure renegotiation as
described in RFC5746. This counters the prefix attack described in
CVE-2009-3555 and elsewhere.
The deprecated and highly broken SSLv2 protocol does not support
renegotiation at all: its use is strongly discouraged.
This attack has far reaching consequences which application writers
should be aware of. In the description below an implementation
supporting secure renegotiation is referred to as patched. A server not
supporting secure renegotiation is referred to as unpatched.
The following sections describe the operations permitted by OpenSSL's
secure renegotiation implementation.
Patched client and server
Connections and renegotiation are always permitted by OpenSSL
implementations.
Unpatched client and patched OpenSSL server
The initial connection suceeds but client renegotiation is denied by
the server with a no_renegotiation warning alert if TLS v1.0 is used or
a fatal handshake_failure alert in SSL v3.0.
If the patched OpenSSL server attempts to renegotiate a fatal
handshake_failure alert is sent. This is because the server code may be
unaware of the unpatched nature of the client.
If the option SSL_OP_ALLOW_UNSAFE_LEGACY_RENEGOTIATION is set then
renegotiation always succeeds.
NB: a bug in OpenSSL clients earlier than 0.9.8m (all of which are
unpatched) will result in the connection hanging if it receives a
no_renegotiation alert. OpenSSL versions 0.9.8m and later will regard a
no_renegotiation alert as fatal and respond with a fatal
handshake_failure alert. This is because the OpenSSL API currently has
no provision to indicate to an application that a renegotiation attempt
was refused.
Patched OpenSSL client and unpatched server.
If the option SSL_OP_LEGACY_SERVER_CONNECT or
SSL_OP_ALLOW_UNSAFE_LEGACY_RENEGOTIATION is set then initial
connections and renegotiation between patched OpenSSL clients and
unpatched servers succeeds. If neither option is set then initial
connections to unpatched servers will fail.
The option SSL_OP_LEGACY_SERVER_CONNECT is currently set by default
even though it has security implications: otherwise it would be
impossible to connect to unpatched servers (i.e. all of them initially)
and this is clearly not acceptable. Renegotiation is permitted because
this does not add any additional security issues: during an attack
clients do not see any renegotiations anyway.
As more servers become patched the option SSL_OP_LEGACY_SERVER_CONNECT
will not be set by default in a future version of OpenSSL.
OpenSSL client applications wishing to ensure they can connect to
unpatched servers should always set SSL_OP_LEGACY_SERVER_CONNECT
OpenSSL client applications that want to ensure they can not connect to
unpatched servers (and thus avoid any security issues) should always
clear SSL_OP_LEGACY_SERVER_CONNECT using SSL_CTX_clear_options() or
SSL_clear_options().
The difference between the SSL_OP_LEGACY_SERVER_CONNECT and
SSL_OP_ALLOW_UNSAFE_LEGACY_RENEGOTIATION options is that
SSL_OP_LEGACY_SERVER_CONNECT enables initial connections and secure
renegotiation between OpenSSL clients and unpatched servers only, while
SSL_OP_ALLOW_UNSAFE_LEGACY_RENEGOTIATION allows initial connections and
renegotiation between OpenSSL and unpatched clients or servers.
RETURN VALUESSSL_CTX_set_options() and SSL_set_options() return the new options
bitmask after adding options.
SSL_CTX_clear_options() and SSL_clear_options() return the new options
bitmask after clearing options.
SSL_CTX_get_options() and SSL_get_options() return the current bitmask.
SSL_get_secure_renegotiation_support() returns 1 is the peer supports
secure renegotiation and 0 if it does not.
SEE ALSOssl(3), SSL_new(3), SSL_clear(3), SSL_CTX_set_tmp_dh_callback(3),
SSL_CTX_set_tmp_rsa_callback(3), dhparam(1)HISTORY
SSL_OP_CIPHER_SERVER_PREFERENCE and
SSL_OP_NO_SESSION_RESUMPTION_ON_RENEGOTIATION have been added in
OpenSSL 0.9.7.
SSL_OP_TLS_ROLLBACK_BUG has been added in OpenSSL 0.9.6 and was
automatically enabled with SSL_OP_ALL. As of 0.9.7, it is no longer
included in SSL_OP_ALL and must be explicitly set.
SSL_OP_DONT_INSERT_EMPTY_FRAGMENTS has been added in OpenSSL 0.9.6e.
Versions up to OpenSSL 0.9.6c do not include the countermeasure that
can be disabled with this option (in OpenSSL 0.9.6d, it was always
enabled).
SSL_CTX_clear_options() and SSL_clear_options() were first added in
OpenSSL 0.9.8m.
SSL_OP_ALLOW_UNSAFE_LEGACY_RENEGOTIATION, SSL_OP_LEGACY_SERVER_CONNECT
and the function SSL_get_secure_renegotiation_support() were first
added in OpenSSL 0.9.8m.
1.0.0d 2011-02-08 SSL_CTX_set_options(3)
